雅思听力考试中同义替换词的常见形式范文
三立教育
雅思听力考试中同义替换词的常见形式
今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是雅思听力考试中同义替换词的常见形式的相关资讯，备考的烤鸭们，赶紧来看看吧!
在雅思听力考试中，同义替换的出现形式有多种，我们主要介绍两种：
①单词或词组的同义替换;
②句式的同义替换。
雅思听力同义替换之单词或词组
单词或词组的同义替换主要是指某个单词或者词组在录音中以一种形式出现，在题目的题干或选项中却以相同意义的另一种形式出现。单词的同义替换主要包括同一词根衍生出的不同词性词语间的替换和异形同义词间的替换。词组的同义替换一般包括两种：一种是同义词组与单词之间的替换，另一种是同义词组之间的替换。下面我们通过具体真题来分析。
In the seminar the work on writing aims to improve
A. confidence.
B. speed.
C. clarity.
录音：
Student： Mm， that sounds good. What are some of the strategies that are presented? Officer： Well， we try to cover all aspects of of the strategies in writing， for example， wouldbe improving your planning for writing， organising your thinking and building some techniques to help you write more clearly „ 三立教育
解析：
本题的正确答案是选项C。正确答案在选项中以clear的名词形式(clarity)出现，而在录音中却以副词的形式(clearly)出现。有的考生即使在录音中听出了clearly，但因为不熟悉clarity的意思，不知道其是clearly的同义替换，所以最后选错了答案。
Dr Merrywhether thinks Antarctica was part of another continent because (选自《剑7》Test 2 Listening Section 3)
A. he has done his own research in the area.
B. there is geological evidence of this.
C. it is very close to South America.
录音：
Interviewer： How old is Antarctica?
Doctor： We’re pretty sure it was part of a larger land mass but it broke away from the rest of the
continent 170 million years ago.
Interviewer： How can you be certain of this?
Doctor： „ because fossils and rocks have been discovered in Antarctica which are the same as those found in places such as Africa and Australia.
解析：
本题的正确答案是选项B，解题关键是考生能听出录音中的fossils and rocks和 三立教育
选项B中的geological evidence属于同义替换。从语义上来说，这属于归纳总结性的词组同义替换，即录音中为举例，题目中出现的词汇为总结概括。很多考生在做这道题时都出现了错误，主要原因是把录音中的Africa and Australia听成了America，错选了选项C，或者即使听到了fossils and rocks，但没有将其理解为geological evidence的同义替换，结果选错了答案。
雅思听力考试的考查目的之一是培养考生多样化的语言表达能力，所以正确选项中往往不会出现原词重现的现象。所以，考生要知道“听到什么要慎选什么”的道理，不能在录音中听到什么就选什么。同时，考生还要明白雅思听力考试题目的题干和选项中出现的往往是学术词汇，而考生听到的录音则是口语化表达，所以结果就是复杂的题目词汇对应录音中简单的口语表达，比如本题中geological evidence是典型的学术用语，而与之对应的fossil和rock是相对简单的口语表达。考生了解了这一点，就需要在平时练习中多注意对学术词汇的认知性记忆，多训练对口语化词汇的反应敏感度。
雅思听力同义替换之句式
在雅思听力考试中，除了单词或词组的同义替换外，还会出现句式上的同义替换。当发生句式的同义替换时，句子形式变动较大，考生把握起来会有些难度。
23. The purpose of the Visitor’s Centre is to (选自《剑7》Test 2 Listening Section 3)
A. provide accommodation.
B. run training session.
C. show people what Antarctica is like.
录音： 三立教育
Interviewer： Really? And what does the Visitor’s Centre offer?
Doctor： Well „ the Visitor’s Centre aims to recreate the atmosphere of Antarctica. There’s a mock camp
site where you can see inside an Antarctic tent and imagine yourself sleeping there „
解析：
不少考生听完这道题的录音后， 选出的答案是选项A 。原因是在录音中听到了选项A 中accommodation的同义词sleeping there。这些考生没有注意到录音中sleeping there前还有一个动词imagine。原文的意思是说想象你睡在里面，并非真的是让你睡进去。在这道题中，同义替换的出现也成了干扰选项。本题的正确答案是选项C。考生在答题时需注意题干中的关键词purpose，在这个词的提示下，考生在听录音时要重点听对话中表目的的内容。录音中是“the Visitor’s Centre aims to recreate the atmosphere of Antarctic”来表示访问中心的功能，这句话不但与“题干+正确选项”的用词不同，连句式表达也变了样：“„ aims to do sth.”变成了“The purpose of „ is to do sth.”。
这样的同义替换理解起来有一定难度。这就需要考生在做题时多注意录音和题目各选项之间在句式方面的变化。
另附雅思听力高频替换词
1、解决：Solve， deal with， cope with， handle， resolve， address， tackle
2、损害：Damage， hurt， injure， harm， impair， undermine， jeopardize
3、给与：Give， offer， render， impart， provide， supply， afford
4、培养：Develop， cultivate， foster 三立教育
5、优势：Advantage， merit， virtue， benefit， upside， strength
6、缺陷：Disadvantage， demerit， drawback， downside， weakness
7、使迷惑：Puzzle， bewilder， perplex， baffle
8、重要的：Key， crucial， critical， important， significant， vital， substantial， indispensable， imperative
9、认为：Think， believe， insist， maintain， assert， conclude， deem， hold， argue， be convinced， be firmly convinced， be fully convinced
10、保护：Protect， conserve， preserve
11、确保：Assure， ensure， guarantee， pledge
12、有害的：Bad， baneful evil， harmful， detrimental
13、要求：Request， demand， needs， requisition
14、消除：Eliminate， clear， remove， clear up， take away， smooth away
15、导致：Lead to， bring about， result in， cause， spark off， conduce to， procure， induce， generate
16、因此：So， therefore， thus， hence， consequently， as a consequence， accordingly， as a result， because of this， as a result of this
17、增长至：Grow to， rise to， increase to， go up to， climb to， ascend to， jump to， shoot to
18、降低至：Dip to， fall to， decline to， decrease to， drop to， go down to， reduce to， slump to， descend to， sink to， slide to 三立教育
19、保持稳定：Level out， do not change， remain stable， remain still， remain steady， be stable， maintain the same level， remain unchanged， be still， remain the same level， stay constant， keep at the same level， level off， stabilize， keep its stability， even out
20、急剧地：Dramatically， drastically， sharply， hugely， enormously， steeply， substantially， considerably， significantly， markedly， surprisingly， strikingly， radically， remarkably， vastly， noticeably
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1.建筑
建筑 architecture建筑, architectural style建筑风格, traditional传统的 modern现代的, postmodern后现代的 have aesthetic value有美学价值, energy-efficient 节能的 function功能 functional 功能型的，实用的 historic site 历史遗迹 cultural relics 文化遗迹 national identity 民族特征 skyscraper 摩天大楼 courtyard dwellings 四合院 well-structured 结构完好的 representation n. 代表 crystallization结晶/civilization 文明 exterior appearance 外表 interior 内部的 eye sore 丑的东西 demolish, pull down 拆除 preserve保留, devastation破坏,
2.环保:
environmental protection 环境保护 environmentally-friendly 环保的 preserve v.保护，保存 conserve 污染： Pollute= contaminate, pollutant Pollution=contamination 垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill), dump，recycle plastic bags, drinking cans biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的 disposable 可丢弃的 ~ product discourage v. 不鼓励 燃料 non-renewable 不可再生的 fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源 alternative energy替代能源 replace=substitute v.取代 (wind power, hydropower水电, solar (lunar) power太阳能, nuclear power核能 tidal power潮汐 radioactivity n. 辐射性 use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽 conserve v. 节省，节约, consume less v. 少消耗
危害动物: poaching非法打猎，盗猎, damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地, rare breed稀有物种, endangered species濒危物种, extinct adj.灭绝 (die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者 , natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区, protect wildlife保护野生动物, disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏, have disastrous effect on…对。。。有灾难性的影响 危害植物: vegetation植被 deforestation森林消失, landslide山体滑坡, 危害环境: carbon dioxide二氧化碳, greenhouse gas emission destroy ozone layer acid rain酸雨(erode腐蚀) greenhouse effect温室效应 (worsening, deteriorate, deterioration恶化) global warming全球变暖 ecological system=ecosystem生态系统 green belt绿化带, sand storm沙尘暴, (filter v. 过滤) arouse people’s awareness/consciousness of environmental protection提高公众的环保意识
动物： vivisection 活体解剖 perform/conduct experiments on animals 在动物身上做试验 1 animal rights 动物权益 cruel and barbaric 残忍和野蛮的 inhumane 不仁道的 alternative methods替代方式，其他方式 torture 折磨 right to live 生命权 life-threatening diseases威胁生命的疾病 medical technique医疗技术 clinical research 临床研究 vaccine 疫苗 anatomy解剖
3.教育 学校:
nursery托儿所 kindergarten幼儿园 primary school/elementary school小学, secondary school中学教育 higher education高等教育 tertiary level
further education进修 教育: parenting, schooling, enroll 入学admit 招收，录取 Parents are obliged to do…父母有责任、义务去做。。。 compulsory education 强制教育、义务教育selective，compulsory military service ，minors 未成年人adolescence ，teenager/teen ，youth，youngster immature 不成熟的
学习的好处 learn skills学习技能 acquire knowledge学习知识， enrich knowledge丰富知识, widen horizon开阔视野, inspire interest激发兴趣, stimulate interest激发兴趣, cultivate v. 培养 hobbies develop potentials conduce to mental development lay a solid foundation for the future为将来打下坚实的基础
学习上的问题: lack discipline缺少约束力/persistence毅力, test-oriented education应试型教育,
teacher-centred education student-centred education money-oriented
quality education 素质教育 cram for examinations突击考试, stuff 塞
materials memorise背, memorisation, rote learning死记硬背 Test-taking techniques应试技巧
坏处： discourage critical thinking 打击评判性思维 students stop questioning what they 2 are being taught 学生们不去质问他们学习的东西 conduce to academic performance有助学习表现 Adversely influence 负面地影响(动作) Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on对。。。产生负面影响 Emphasis on memorisation adversely influences one’s academic performance. Creativity 创造性 Come at the expense/cost of creativity以牺牲创造力为代价 Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。。。的水平
工作: Full-time, part-time, casual job，white-collar, blue-collar, semi-skilled, self-employed, freelancer, 收入: income, earnings, wages, salary,revenue
职业好: enjoyable, pleasant, fascinating令人着迷的 Steady稳定的 provide many opportunities for…提供各种。。。的机会, give me a sense of satisfaction/accomplishment给我一种满足感、成就感, apply what I have learnt to my job把我学的用在工作中, put my talent into full play充分发挥我的天分, improve my interpersonal and communicative skills提高我的人际交往和交流能力, improve my independence独立能力, well-fare福利 benefit future development将来的发展, 不好: demanding难做的, stressful有压力的, tiring累人的, exhausting令人筋疲力尽的, boring无聊的, routine work常规工作, repetitive重复性的, work overtime/extra hours加班 workaholic工作狂, repetitive strain injuries职业病, adverse conditions恶劣的工作条件, Personnel, human resources 人力资源
4.新闻,媒体 媒体: medium-media:
read newspapers watch TV programs surf the Internet see movies up-to-date information最新的信息, access v. n. 接触 The internet enables people to have easy access to various information. 记者：reporter, journalist, paparazzi 狗仔队(复数)tabloid 读者群Readership 观众audience 报道：news coverage/TV coverage
好处: provide us with rich information给我们提供丰富的信息, entertain us是我们得到娱乐, enable people to relax使人们得到放松, disseminate/spread knowledge传播知识, keep people well-informed使人信息灵通 download, upload, write your blogs, share your feelings with friends
坏处: information overload/explosion, 信息爆炸 Uncensored information corrupts children’s minds.未经审查信息腐蚀小孩的心灵。 Violence n.暴力, pornography n.色情, obscene色情的, violent暴力的, pornographic色情的 objectionable content不良信息 cyber crime网络犯罪 (financial crime)
net cafe Internet-addicted 上网成瘾的 isolation 孤立, isolated 孤立的 unsociable不善社交的
3 新闻审查制度: censorship filter objectionable content过滤不良内容, provide a safe and pleasant cyber environment 提供一个安全美好的网络空间 invade one’s privacy侵犯隐私, deprive people of the freedom of speech剥夺人们言论自由, freedom of the press新闻自由 People are deprived of the freedom of speech. 人们被剥夺了言论自由。
5.交通 Means of public transport: airplane, ship, cruises, ferry, coach, shuttle bus, light rail mobility移动性 pedestrian行人 traffic conditions (worsen, deteriorate, go from bad to worse), 交通状况恶化 traffic regulations/codes交通规则 (obey遵守, violate违背), traffic congestions, traffic jams, heavy traffic拥挤的交通 light traffic比较畅通的交通, crowded street拥挤的道路 Cars dominate our roads. 车辆占满了我们的道路。 vehicle车辆
Drink-driving酒后驾车 careless driving talking on a phone
观点: adopt effective transport strategy采取有效的交通策略 traffic-calming measures减轻交通拥堵的措施 Relieve the pressure on traffic, 减轻交通方面的压力 encourage people to use public transport, 鼓励大家使用公交 carpool拼车 build more cycle lanes 自行车道, encourage Park and Ride 停车换乘 raise the price of fuels 提高油价 impose higher tax 征收高额的税 Subsidise public transport 补贴公共交通 City council市政府 飞机： No other means of transport can be compared with airplanes for its convenience and speed.
6.食品 健康 healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 sedentary lifestyle久坐的, an active lifestyle积极锻炼的, excessive intake of…吃过多的。。 fast food快餐 convenience food方便食品 diabetes, diarrhea腹泻, respiratory disease, nutrition营养 balanced diet均衡的饮食 protein蛋白质, vitamin维生素, fibre纤维 mineral矿物质, high in... canned food
incurable disease绝症 depression抑郁症 obesity肥胖症-obese
overweight stress-related diseases和压力有关的疾病 therapy (非药物)治疗 treatment 治疗 运动好处 Relieve=ease=alleviate 减轻stress aerobic exercises有氧运动 vigorous有活力的 energetic经历充沛的 refreshing提神的 refresh your mind and body 提神 train 4 your muscle肌肉 improve blood circulation血液循环 increase flexibility提高灵活性 drain 排出 cultivate stamina and persistence培养耐力和毅力 develop teamwork spirit 培养团队合作精神 conduce to physical fitness身体健康 jeopardize= damage 危害 pesticide ，genetic modification，genetically-modified food
7.犯罪,社会问题
criminal(offender)罪犯 commit crime犯罪, commit suicide robbery抢劫, murder谋杀, prostitution卖淫, gambling赌博, drug-dealing贩毒, drug dealer, heroin, marijuana, ecstasy, ADD/ADHD drug
social security社会治安stability稳定 capital punishment, death penalty死刑, sentence (v.) to death 判死刑 deter crimes威慑 right to life生存权,
breadwinner经济支柱 rear a child养孩子 offense罪, offender罪犯, compulsory retirement 强制退休 nursery 托儿所 nursing house老人院 longer imprisonment 长期监禁
家庭问题/青少年问题 single-parent family单亲家庭, extended family大家庭, minors未成年人, adolescent青春期的, sibling兄弟姊妹 Peer pressure 同辈人的压力 foster, raise, bring up, rear a child抚养孩子, spoil溺爱, indulge放纵 run wild撒野, go astray走上歧途 juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪, obesity肥胖症, depression抑郁症, bullying恃强凌弱 absenteeism缺席 (truancy, play truant) 父母应该： give proper parental guidance父母的引导 set example for children为孩子树立榜样 encourage 鼓励 help build up confidence 帮助建立信心 motivate 鼓舞 discipline their children约束孩子 well-bred有教养的 learn how to behave themselves学会行为得体 act properly 行为得体
8.科技
technology-dependent依赖科技的, breakthrough of technology科技突破, technology
5 innovation科技创新, innovative 创新的renovate v. up-to-date/ up-to-minute/cutting-edge最新的
accelerate/speed up the pace of life 加速生活节奏 reshape our life重新塑造我们的生活 improve life quality提高生活质量 convenience方便 efficiency效率 telecommunication电讯 assembly line流水线 give people more leisure time给人们更多休闲时间, The development of technology has made it possible for people to do 科技的发展使人们做。。。成为可能 increase life expectancy 增加平均寿命 find cures for some diseases transplant organ 移植器官 two-edge sword/weapon 双刃剑 mass destruction weapons大规模杀伤性武器 chemical weapons化学武器 inspiration，inspire，promote space technology ，heart pacemaker，freeze dried vegetables ，microwave
9.全球化
cultural diversity文化多元化 cultural treasures文化宝藏 cross-cultural communication跨文化交流 cultural reconstruction文化重建 heritage遗产 achievements of art艺术成就 human civilization人类文明 mainstream culture主流文化 cultural traditions文化传统 national pride民族自豪 local customs and practices风土人情 national identity and value民族特性和价值观 venue场所 spread knowledge传播知识 nurture imagination培养想象力、 be closely interrelated with…与…有密切关系 cause irreversible damage造成不可逆转的损失 remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏见和误解
语言： lesser-used languages 使用很少的语言 language acquisition 语言习得 linguistics 语言学 linguist 语言学家 on the verge of extinction 处在灭绝的边缘 universal language 世界语 intellectual development 智力发展 grammatical rules语法规则 context 上下文 technical terms 专业术语 read between lines读懂暗含的意思 解决游客过多的措施
There are various solutions to these problems. The first one is to limit tourist
numbers, because fewer visitors will result in less damage. Another solution is to enforce strict rules about which areas people can visit and what they can do when they get there. For example, special paths can be built and people can be forbidden to walk off the paths.
数字类：
two: double = couple of = twice = two times three = triple 2 weeks = a fortnight = 14 days 1 months = 4 weeks = 30 days 3 months = a season 25% = a quarter 15 minutes = a quarter 少于 40%的比例 = a small proportion 多于 60%的比例 = a large proportion 50% = half the second = the next = the coming 表述数量(繁多)的短语替换
a wide/ large/ great/ massive range of = a variety of = various = large quantities of = a large/great number of = a large amount of = lots of = all sorts of = all kinds of = massive all over = throughout遍布
part = area = portion = component = proportion部分 some = a part of = certain = a few = several一些 range = distance = radius = part = area范围
时间：
现在 now = at present (time)= currently = at this moment (= this year/ month/ week) (=existing) 过去 in the past = once = … ago = before (= last year/ month/ week) (= the old …) (=used to …)
未来 in the future = will = be going to = in the coming (year/month/week) (= the next year/month/week) (=haven’t done yet, but …)
校园内：
student = pupil小学生;= undergraduate本科生; = postgraduate研究生 teacher = tutor = lecturer = professor = director = conductor = guider = coach 老师，指导者
school = faculty院系 course = major学习专业 subject = module学习科目
class = lecture = tutorial = workshop = session = seminar课程
aid = help = conduct = guide = offer hand (= give/ provide advice and guidance = suggest)帮助;指导
assignment = paper; = essay; = coursework; = homework; = report; = project; = proposal; = dissertation作业类 deadline = due date截止日期
references = bibliography = reading list参考材料
research = exploration = survey = study = investigation = observation = discovery = experiment研究，实验
data = figure = information = statistical evidence数据 internet = online = website = web网络 evaluate = assess = test = estimate评估
test = quiz = exercise = examination = exam测验
商业、公司中：
plan = strategy策略 = schedule = arrangement = project = programme = blueprint计划
employee = worker = staff雇员
coworker = workmate = colleague = people in the same department = people who work with you同事
employer = boss = management = manager = director = interviewer雇主，管 理者
weekday = week工作日
company = firm = cooperate = organisation = business = group = institute公 司，企业，机构
sales = retail销售(retailing零售业) shop = store = department store商店
money = finance = fund = grant = capital = asset钱，资金
cost = fee = overheads = expense = spending = expenditure费用，成本 revenue收入 profit利润
其他相关词汇： charge收费/ investment投资 / tax税收/ income收入/
budget预算
advertisement = commercial广告
creativity = innovation = inspiration = brainstorm创造力，灵感 consumer = customer = buyer = client顾客 risk = danger = adventure = threat风险，冒险
旅游、动植物
photo = photograph = photography = picture = image = camera照相，相片 place = area = region = spot = site = location = land = field = position地点，位 置
tourist site = attraction = interest = scenery = resort风景，景点 village = countryside = suburb = rural area/ setting乡下 town = city = urban area城市
ocean = sea = the water = undersea world = marine海洋 beach = coast = coastline = shore海岸，海滩
animal = creature = species = wildlife = living things动物
(= marine animal海洋动物; = mammal哺乳动物; = reptile爬行动物) livestock = sheep = cow = cattle家畜
marine animal = sea creature = fish & shell = seafood海洋动物 bones = skeleton骨骼
look = appearance外貌
characteristics = feature = what’s special about …特征 plant = trees = vegetation = vegetable植物 film = movie = documentary电影 computer = laptop电脑
family = with children家庭
parent / son / daughter / sister & brother = sibling / cousin savings = deposit储蓄
the masses = ordinary people = general public = public sphere大众 speech = lecture = talk = address讲座,演讲 goal = target = aim = orientation目标 choice = option = selection = alternative选择
优点
advantage = benefit = positive side = good point = strength 缺点
disadvantage = drawback = negative side = problem = weakness = barrier障 碍 = obstacle阻碍
limit = restriction = boundary = bottom line限制 environment = surrounding = atmosphere环境 entertainment = recreation = leisure娱乐
fitness club = fitness centre = gym = keep-fit studio健身房 disease = illness = health issues = health problems = medical situations疾病
medication = medicine = pills = tablets = capsules = drug药物 toxin = poison毒素
bike = bicycle自行车 = cycling骑行 media = press = print = newspaper媒体
magazine = journal = periodical = article = newspaper报刊杂志 gift = present礼物
agriculture = crops农作物 = grain粮食，谷物= corn = wheat小麦大麦 = cereal谷类
fuel = gas燃气;= coal煤; = energy能量，能源 way = method = approach = technique方法 = skill = strategy = tactic技巧
example = representative = sample = case例子
= barley
动词替换：
ask = request = require = demand要求 ask … to do = invite … to do邀请
employ = hire = pay … = recruit招聘，雇佣
use = take advantage of = utilise = employ = apply使用 book = reserve预订
buy = purchase = consumer = invest in购买 change = alter = adjust = shift改变 disturb = interrupt干扰，打断
damage = ruin = destroy = undermine = break = vandalise破坏 attack = offend攻击
classify = categorise (classification = category)分类 make = produce = generate = create产生，创造
= build = construct建立 copy = duplicate = replicate = double复制
run = operate = handle = organise = take charge of = take control of = manage 经营，管理
provide = offer = give = contribute to提供
= allocate = distribute分配，分发 divide … into = break (down) … into把…分成
increase = rise up = grow = go up = strengthen上升，增多 decrease = decline = go down = drop = fall = weaken减少
look = investigate = observe = explore = check = find out = discover = examine 发现，探索
be seen = be sighted = be observed被观察到
focus on = emphasise on = pay attention to = notice关注 register = sign up = enroll注册，登记 deal with = handle = cope with处理
prevent … from = protect … from = preserve … from = stop … from = avoid避 免，保护
come from = originated from来自，源自
get in touch = contact = catch = call = phone联系 connect with = link with = relate to = refer to和…相连 called = named = titled名为 visualise = imagine想象
adapt … to = adjust … = fit … in适应… bury = move … underground埋 renew = replace替换 renew = update更新
形容词、副词替换：
typical = representative典型的
= traditional传统的
related = associated = relevant = connected = linked相关的 basic = elementary = primary = essential = necessary基础的 easy = not difficult = simple简单的 available = usable = valid有效的，可用的 latest = newest最新的 final = last = very late最后的
personal = private = individual私人的 original = old = ancient古老的
old fashioned = outdated = out of date过时的 economical = cost-efficient经济的
fixed = stable = standard = unchanged固定的 few = not enough = lack of缺乏
extraordinary = unusual = not common = quite different = rare不寻常的，罕见 的
often = usually = frequently经常 rarely = barely几乎不
only = just = merely仅仅，只是
A 普通图表作文
1. “millions” 或者“thousands”在句子中出现时不能加复数，只有“数字+million or thousand”的说法。 2. “the number of”后面一般接可数名词的复数 ，“the amount of”，“the quantity of”和“the volume of”类似，后面一般接不可数名词。
3. 图表作文中不可以出现“I”或者“We”，雅思图表作文需要正式的书面语言，因此在语言使用方面要减少第一人称的使用，减少非正式的说法。
4. 引用数据时不需要使用定语从句，直接引用数据即可。
错误的例子：North America had a lower proportion of degraded land, which was only 5%.
正确的例子：North America had a lower proportion of degraded land, at only 5%.
5. 上升”和“下降”这些词(Increase, drop 等)都是不及物动词，没有被动语态。也就是“was increased”错的。
6. Reduce 和 raise 这两个词小作文用不到，因为是及物动词;arise 也不能替代 rise;“ascent/descent”不能用在小作文里。
7. 表示“占据”的时候，最好不要用“occupy”，而是使用“account for/represent/constitute”
8. “outnumber”的主语一般是可数名词的复数，不能是不可数名词;而“overtake/surpass”的主语多用于不可数名词，或者是“number/figure/amount/proportion”这样的词;“exceed”表示超过某一个特定的数字或容量。
9. 对象词的错误。对象词就是图里的数字所代表的东西。
10. 时态的错误。多为一般过去时，有时候可能出现一般现在时或者将来时态。过去进行时不可能出现。 11. 动态图过分注重数据和小的波动，而忽视趋势。所谓趋势，就是一个区间内最主要的一个变化(譬如说，如果大部分时候是上升，就是上升趋势)
12. 静态图过分侧重读数据，没有将数据归类和归纳(具备类似特征的数据要放在一起)
13. 很多学生使用奇怪的上升或者下降的替换词，而忽视词性的变换(应该使用名词或者分词去替换动词)。 14. Increase/rise/drop 这些词用作名词的时候，要用不定冠词“a”，譬如说“saw a drop” 15. 比较句中，比较对象不一致。 16. doubled 不及物动词，没有被动。
17. rise 的过去时是 rose，而不是 rised。过去分词是 risen，而不是 rose。
18. “Percentage/proportion…accounted for”永远是错的，只有人或者物可以充当 “accounted for”的名词。
19. Per cent 前面要加数字,譬如说“40 per cent”，而 percentage 一般充当主语，后面要 加 OF，“the percentage of …”
20. While 是连词，要连接两个句子。
21. 副词修饰动词，应该在动词后面。譬如说“increased slightly”，但是不能说“slightly increased”;slightly 也不能修饰名词，也就是“a slightly increase”是错的，应该是“a slight increase” 22. 形容词不能修饰比较级别，譬如说“was slight higher than”是错的，要说“was slightly higher than”
23. remained 后面只能加形容词，也就是“remain constantly”是错的，只有“remain constant”。“Maintain”不是“remain”的替换词，譬如说，只能说“remained the most important means of transport”，而不能是 maintained 24. “reach”这个词后面直接可以读数据，譬如说“reached 32 million”，不需要加“to” 25. 在动态图里，一般是 rose “数字”-fold，而不是“rose five times” 26. 没有“comparing with”的说法，只有“compared with”的说法
27. 当表示“数字很低，几乎可以忽略”的意思，应该用 minimal，而不是 minimum 28. 表示年龄的时候，可以说“people aged between 20 and 40”，不能把“aged”写成“age” 29. 图表作文总结段不能表达个人观点、进行推测和预测，图表作文只需要根据数据进行总结和分析。 30. 图表作文总结段不能出现数据，因为数据的表述已经在主体部分完成。
B 流程图
31. Equipment 是不可数名词，facilities 是可数名词复数
32. Materials 是材料的意思，而 element 是元素的意思(不能用于流程图) 33. 如果 A 步骤是在 B 步骤之前发生，那么应该是“A happens, before B” 34. 流程图不能使用祈使句
C 地图
35. Cross 是动词，而 across 是介词(不能充当谓语) 36. Expand 是扩大的意思，expend 是花费的意思
37. Happen, take place 表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态
38. 地图题只能说西边和东边(western side 或者 eastern side)，不能说左边和右边(left side 和 right side)
100个高频考点词
1-13 accelerate
vt. 使……加快;使……增速vi. 加速;促进;增加 increase the speed of, speed up, brisk up access
vt. 使用;存取;接近n. 进入;使用权;通路 approach, admittance, entry, get at acknowledge
vt. 承认;答谢;报偿;告知已收到 accept, admit, answer, concede, grant, recognize adapt to
使自己适应于… adjust, conform, accommodate, sweep up adjust
vt. 调整，使…适合;校准vi. 调整，校准;适应 adapt, conform, line up, align alter
vt. 改变，更改vi. 改变;修改 change, deviate, diversity, modify, vary analyse
vt. 分析;分解;细察 examine, dissect ancient
adj. 古代的;古老的，过时的;年老的n. 古代人;老人 aged, antique, archaic, elderly, old apply to
适用于 go for, impement, utilise appreciate
vt. 欣赏;感激;领会;鉴别vi. 增值;涨价 acknowledge, revalue, take account, treasure,
price approach
n. 方法;途径;接近vt. 接近;着手处理vi. 靠近 access, adance, draw near, set about artificial
adj. 人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的 not real, contrived, stilted, fake, imitation,
man-made access
vt. 使用;存取;接近n. 进入;使用权;通路 evaluate, value, appraise, measure 14-26 Convention
n.会议; 全体与会者; 国际公约; 惯例，习俗，规矩
Criteria
n.标准，准则，原则 standards , conditions , indexes curriculumn
N.全部课程，课程
course school
delivery
n. 投递，传送;交付;转让 bringing ;legal transfer ;manner of speaking ,pitch labour , handing
over demanding
adj. (工作)要求高的，需要高技能的;(人)要求极严的，苛求的fastidious , finicking
challenging , indicating depend on
1.依赖，依靠 2.取决于，随…而定
depend upon, devolve on, hinge on, rely on derive
vt. 源于;得自vi. 起源 to originate detect
vt.发现，侦察，察觉 explore , perceive determine
vt. 决定;判决; vi. 确定，终止 condition , conclude;identify , drop , finish , judge disaster
n.不幸，灾难，惨败 tragedy , evil , calamity , grief distinguish
vt. 区分;辨别;使杰出，使表现突出tell apart , differentiate;tell from diversity
n. 多样性;差异 difference , multiplicity domestic
adj. 国内的;家庭的
internal , household , home , family 27-40 due to 由于;因为 because of , as a result of emphasize vt. 强调，着重
stress , highlight
enormous
adj.巨大的;凶暴的，极恶的huge , tremendous , massive , macro ,vast erode vt. 腐蚀，侵蚀vi. 侵蚀;受腐蚀
vt. 腐蚀，侵蚀weather , eat into
vi. 侵蚀;受腐蚀eat into , burn into
exaggerate
vt. 使扩大;使增大vi. 夸大;夸张
vt. 使扩大;使增大enlarge , broaden
vi. 夸大;夸张 put it on , pile it on
exchange
交换
n. [通信][计]交换;交流;交易所;[金融]兑换communication , conversion
vt. [通信][计]交换;交易;[金融]兑换turn , truck
vi. [通信][计]交换;交易;[金融]兑换trade , traffic, swapping and sharing(C7 p66) exclusive
adj. 独有的;排外的;专一的n. 独家新闻;独家经营的项目;排外者
adj. 独有的;排外的;专一的particular , antiforeign
n. 独家新闻;独家经营的项目;排外者scoop
expert
adj. 熟练的;内行的;老练的n. 专家;行家;能手vt. 当专家;在…中当行家
adj. 熟练的;内行的;老练的skilled , accomplished , clever , diplomatic , practiced
n. 专家;行家;能手operator , specialist
extinct
adj. 灭绝的，绝种的;熄灭的vt. 使熄灭out die out fertilise
vt. 使受精;施肥于;使肥沃enrich , top-dress ，chemistry financial
adj. 金融的;财政的，财务的monetary , fiscal 看到金钱的符号要小心
focus on
集中于、关注be centered on , centre around fragile
adj. 脆的;易碎的delicate , crumbly
41-64
fund
n.[金融]基金;资金;存款capital, deposit, saving vt.投资;资助 invent money in, to invest fundamental
adj.基本的，根本的 elementary, basic, essential, organic, primary guarantee
n.[金融]保证;[法]担保;保证人;保证书;[经]抵押品assurance, certification, commitment vt.[金融]保证;[法]担保assure, undertake, swear for identify
vt.确定;[计]识别;使参与;把…看成一样 confirm, recognize, ascertain ignore
vt.驳回诉讼;忽视;不理睬neglect, pass sb by imitate
vt.模仿，仿效;仿造，仿制 simulate, model after immunity
n.[免疫]免疫力;豁免权;免除phylactic power, immunizing power inevitable
adj.必然的，不可避免的certain, necessary, automatic inherit
vt.继承;遗传而得succeed to, take sth over initial
adj.[数]最初的;字首的 premier, original isolate
[生物]使隔离;使孤立;使绝缘segregate, seclude legitimate
adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的legal, reasonable, valid, logical, rational limitation
n.限制;限度;极限;追诉时效;有效期限restriction, threshold, qualification, terminal loss
n.减少;亏损;失败;遗失 reduction, failure, decrease, losing, reverse magnetic
adj.地磁的;有磁性的;有吸引力的 geomagnetic massive
adj.大量的;巨大的，厚重的;魁伟的huge, extensive, macro, substantial, tremendous,
enormous measure
n.测量;措施;程度;尺寸survey, size vt.测量;估量;权衡 sound, scale, estimate military
adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的martial, soldierly,war,weapon minimize
vt. 使减到最少;小看，极度轻视 vi. 最小化
make small or insignificant modify
t.修改，修饰;更改 alter, dizen
vi.修改alter, touch up 65-77 Option ：n 选择，选项，选择权choice、alternative、selection、preference Original ：n 原型，原著;有独创性的人; adj 创新的，最初的 first、initial、previous、 fundamental、unique、innovative、novel、inventive、primary Perceive ：v 察觉到;看见 apprehend、descry、discern、espy、see Potential : adj 可能的;有潜力的 promising、likely、possible、latent、conceivable Prefer to ：较喜欢，宁愿 favor、desire、would rather Primary ：adj 第一的;最初的;根本的 basic、first、original Principle ：n 原理，主义 rationale、basis、truth、principium Profit : n 盈利;利润;利益 v 有益于，有利于;得益，获利 n advantage、 benefit、interest、favour、profit、gain ; v avail、benefit Property ：n 特性;性能;所有物
attribute、belongings、holding、proprietary Proportion : n 比例;相称;部分 proportionality、scale、part Provision : n 预见;预备;供应;粮食 supplies、stock、catering Quantity ：n 量;数量 sum、amount、measure、quantum Rapid ：n 急流;湍流 adj 快速的;敏捷的;险峻的fast、 quick、 rapid、swift、hasty、prompt、speedy、 instant 78-90 Rather than(而不是)：instead of ; more important; Realise(认识到，明白)：learn, see Rely on (依靠，依赖)：depend on, lean upon,trust,need,on,purchase,by Remain (保持;留下)：stay, stop, keep up
Resemble (类似，像)：like, look like, similar, appear like, match, take after,
Restrict(限制，约束)：slow down, limit,fewer, block,confine, retain, bound, hold back Result from (由…造成，起因于)：root in,owing to, due to, thanks to, base on, as a result,because, Retain(保持)：keep, keep up, hole, reserve, maintain, preserve Secrete(分泌，藏匿，私下侵吞)：secretion---body fluid, excrete,
Separate(分开，隔开，分居)：not attachment, different, disparate, break, divorce,split,come between (单独的，分开的)：alone, independent, divided, isolated Settle(解决，安排;定居)：settle on---not ignore, deposit, work out, figure out, decide, settle down, make home, establish, arrange, Shift(转移，改变)：shift back to---revision, change, move, vary, transform, switch, convert, transition Similar(相似的;类似物)：resemble, similar to---compare, as, like, alike, same, akin
91-100 sophisticated
精密的、复杂的、世故的 complex、complicated、experienced specific
n.特性 quality、identity、character a.特殊的、特定的、详细的 precise、detailed、particular substitute
代替，替换，代用
exchange replace switch change shift Supplement
增补，补充
augment increase complete fortify reinforce Surrounding
环境，周围的事物，周围的，附近的 neighboring close-by Swift
迅速的; 敏捷的; 立刻的; 突然发生的rapid fleet hasty expeditious nimble speedy fast agile Thanks to
多亏了，由于 due to ,because of,because survive
幸存，活下来continue remain与extinct 相反!
trait
特点，特性; 少许 quality, property, feature, characteristic, peculiarity, attribute, character Unexpectedly
未料到地，意外地; 竟; 居然; 骤然 suddenly headlong
Variety
多样; 种类; 杂耍; 变化，多样化 (多样性的同义：disparity diversity)(种类的同义：kind, sort, type, class, classification, category, species)
体验式英语教育先锋美联英语 标题：雅思作文培训班指出雅思写作常见的三大问题
关键词：雅思作文培训班
导读：雅思考试重视的是测试学生的能力，如果英语能力不是太好，想要通过雅思有相当大的难度，而许多学生都觉得最难的还是作文，他们想参加雅思作文培训班，以提高写作水平。
应该说最令中国的雅思考生感到头疼的就是作文题了，很多考生阅读部分和听力部分的成绩都很不错，但就是作文的成绩拖了“后腿”，这使他们倍感烦恼，于是有一些人开始考虑参加雅思作文培训班，希望自己的作文成绩能够得到提高，下面一起来看看考生们在雅思写作中常见的三个问题。
在雅思写作实战中，一般考生遇到的问题总结来说往往有以下几种：
一、时间不充足。很多考生在雅思写作中手忙脚乱，不知从何处下手，思绪无法集中，因而时间不够用，导致雅思写作任务无法完成，由此导致失分严重。
二、字数不够，尤其是大作文。很多雅思考生的雅思写作的过程中可谓是非常痛苦，因为他们就是在想方设法硬凑字数，可想过程是多么辛苦加痛苦。即使字数够了，在这种情况下挤牙膏似的挤出来的文章质量能又能有多高呢。考生根本不会考虑到文章的结构和逻辑，更不会有一气呵成，行云流水般的美感了。
三、雅思作文培训班老师还指出，有不少学生在雅思写作过程中思绪万千，洋洋洒洒写了许多，但是却不能得高分，因为考生在写的过程中是想到什么就写什么，更有甚者是一句话可能会来来回回重复几次。他们根本不知道雅思写作的特点，不知道如何安排文章的结构，如何提出论点，如何论证，如何展开段落，因而整片文章就像一盘散沙，会存在论点不明确、论证论据缺乏力度、结构逻辑混乱等问题。
考生们可以参考并总结一下自己在复习备考或者模拟考试的过程当中是否也出现了上述的现象，如果有的话，一定要注意改正，只有掌握了正确的方法，才能取得雅思好成绩。
以上雅思作文培训班老师为我们总结了有关写作的常见的三个问题，希望考生们能够找出自己写作的不足之处，找出问题所在，然后有针对性的进行改善，从而帮助自己提高写作的水平，更好的进行复习参考，能够在雅思考试中取得好成绩。
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