21世纪杯演讲稿
To cheers for made in China Hello everybody,
It is my honor to delieve you a speech .During the past few weeks, I had done a survey around different kinds of people about how to think about the things that made in China .Surely, those things included appliances , teleplay , culture and so on . Different field had different view .Although some people have been puzzled with the thing that made in China , because they had brought gifts for friends from abroad only to find that was made In China . It was very embarrassing. Most of them were proud of it and thought homebred could bring convenience.
To Chinese people , the things that made in China are cheaper. For example，XIAOMI and MEIZU are homemade phone and they are good value for price， which can satisfy the needs of lots of people’s work or study. Compared with iphone , they are more cheaper . In addition , domestic can tariff concessions and other fees. As that , people can afford the thing that they really want to buy. It is same as economical ,China made have been developed quickly in culture, Not only MOYAN won the Nobel Prize for literature, but also Chinese animation developed . This years Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf /Boonie Bears had been on, even if gone abroad .Which convey message to us that Chinese Culture is favour with the world’s people. We need to have confidence to cheer for made in China.
To all over the world ,with the things made in China on the world stage，world economic situation having great changes . A book called Overseas Chinese To Observe wrote : International observers speak highly of the interests that Chinese and Made in China had brought to trade partners after entering WTO. In the past few yeas ,the things that made in China had brought convenience and interest to world. Given all that , word is cheering for made in China ,as a Chinese ,do you have any reason for not cheering for made in China ?
Distinguished Judges, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good afernoon.
Today, I’m very honord to stand here to give you a speech and share my idea about 90s with you.
There is a saying goes that “90s Generation is the Net Generation”as 90s are growing up with the fast development of Internet and could be the first experiencers in the information era. Some people even hold that 90s can’t live without network.
To some extend, I agree that Net plays a very important role in most of 90s’ life. It makes life convinient.You can buy almost anything you want and you needn’t go to the supermaket, mall or some places else by online shopping.You can collect a lot of information from the Internet and you needn’t go to the library to borrow the book you want which is hard to find.You can enjoy woderful music and movies you like and needn’t buy a ticket that will cost amounts of money.
But Internet is only a part of 90s’ life, let alone those who live in undeveloped regions. They actually don’t get any chance to have access to the net. I think computer and network is just a tool for us 90s to learn kownledge and to communicate with others. For example, one of my dear friend LiMing,who is really a so-called “Net Generation”. He always buys a lot of things online, such as his hats, bags and even some presents he want to send to his mother. He usually finishes his homework by seaching the information on the Internet. He constantly downloads the music he likes, especaily the songs aresinged by Super Gilrs or Happy Boys. Computer and Internet is tool for him and colourfuled his life .
As a member of 90s, I kown there are so many misunderstandings to 90s. And I know the community is no lack of criticism to the 90s. Nowadays, a lot of people think 90s Generation is a negative generation for 90s are addicted to network, unable to stand a setback, selfish and conceited. However, as far as I am concerned, I inclined to believe that 90s is a promising generation. Though our 90s are not perfect, we need a priod to grow up. As we all know, most of 90s are only child in our family. The majority of us are underage in current, 90s’thought are different from other people. Doesn’t every successful adults grow up from a naive child? So please don’t laugh at us for our mistakes and being naive.What we need is just more concerns and guidances. Please don’t call us the Net Generation, just call us the Growing Generation .
Thank you, thanks for your listening.
21世纪杯演讲稿点评.txt今天心情不好。我只有四句话想说。包括这句和前面的两句。我的话说完了对付凶恶的人，就要比他更凶恶;对付卑鄙的人，就要比他更卑鄙没有情人味，哪来人情味拿什么整死你，我的爱人。收银员说：没零钱了，找你两个塑料袋吧! 上海第十四届21世纪联想杯决赛优秀讲稿点评
徐凯老师发表于2009年08月16日 16:28 阅读(7) 评论(2)
分类： 个人日记 举报
第十四届“21世纪·联想杯”全国英语演讲比赛总决赛4月10日在上海圆满落幕。
总决赛中，60名来自中国大陆和港澳台地区的选手，分别围绕“From College to Career: Coping with Job-hunting Pressure in the Economic Slowdown(面对“经济危机”下的大学生就业问题)”和“Our Changing Way of Living with the Times: Initiative vs. Convenience(从时代的发展看人类生活方式的改变：主动性和便利性)”这两个主题发表了演讲。最终，来自清华大学的金璐， 辽宁大学的苏宁馨，北京语言大学的陈艺分获冠、亚、季军。
我们摘录了这三名获奖选手总决赛演讲稿中的精彩部分点评赏析，和大家分享~ 大家也可以通过日志留言进行点评，也可以写下你对演讲的两个话题的想法~
金璐清华大学 冠军
题目：What would you do if you had only one day left to live?
Don’t people just love the word t-e-l-e “tele”, which means far away. Indeed this is how modern technology has changed our world. But please don’t forget this other word with “tele”: telepathy which means human beings’ inborn ability to connect to our loved ones. Our minds are supposed to read each other’s minds; our hearts are supposed to feel each other’s hearts — and fulfill these without any forms of tool!
But the moment I desperately struggled to remember grandmother’s face, the telepathy between her and me had shut down forever. With the help of modern technology, I killed our telepathy.This shall never happen again! The “tele”s are great inventions. But “telepathy”
gives them the warmth of a human face. Let’s harness the power of television to develop our kid’s telepathy with nature„ so they can read the secret language of flowers. Let’s make the telephone lines preserve our telepathy with each other, so we can connect in a warm and feeling way. Let technology keep our “telepathy” ALIVE!
金璐同学的演讲稿最大的亮点是巧妙地找到了“telecommunications”和“telepathy”这一对同以“tele”为前缀，但却表达了两个截然相反的人与人之间的相处模式：far away和close touch by heart。
Telepathy，意指“人与人之间无需外力帮助的心灵感应”。作者指出，在现代社会里，人们越来越依赖现代科技，渐渐失去了和亲人朋友之间心灵感应的能力：“With the help of modern technology, I killed our telepathy。”作者讲述了和所教的小孩子以及和去世的奶奶之间的小故事，浅显易懂地阐述了这个现象。讲故事是最能拉近和观众距离，最易打动人心的一个演讲技巧。
但是，作者也并没有完全否定telecommunications的积极作用：“Let technology keep our ‘telepathy’ alive”。太过依赖电视、电话，会拉开人与人之间的距离;但同时这些现代通讯设备的确为面对面交流不方便的人们提供了交流的渠道，我们可以利用这些通讯设备多和亲人朋友聊天，增进了解，保持心灵上的交流。一正一反，但又有所侧重，使得这篇演讲稿重点突出，但又不至于过于偏激。
苏宁馨辽宁大学 亚军
题目：If I had a magic wish
If I was given the chance to make my magic wish now, I wish we could go back in time and live three days without advanced technology, I wonder what we will do in these three days, and here is what I imagined:
On the first day, people would be so uncomfortable with the new situation that they would probably be confused and just don’t know what to do. The world would just be in a mess for the whole day..And on the second day, as life goes on, people would have to find alternative ways to deal with their daily rituals: students will have to go to libraries for information they want instead of searching on Google; boys will have to express their affection to girls in person instead of sending an annoying message; and young people today could have the chance to experience the childhood of their parents. On this particular day, we can pick up all we have lost in the modern world.
And there comes the third day, after the previous two days, we gradually come to realize that we should have pay more effort to our studies and work as we actually have so much creativity and potential when we work on our own; that we should have spent more time with a friend, a parent or a child as we do love them, but we don’t really understand them due to the lack of communication and that we shouldn’t have been so dependent on modern technology as they are not invented to confine us, but to inspire us. The last day will be spent in sparks of new ideas and sweet moments with our loved ones.
苏宁馨同学的稿子最大的亮点在于她对于现代人在没有现代科技下生活三天的情景。这三天，从“a mess for the whole day”，到“pick up all we lost in the modern world”，最后到“sparks of new ideas and sweet moment with our loved ones”，层层递进，反思现代人对科技的过分依赖，而后鼓励人们重拾创造力和人际交往能力。
对这三天的具体描述，体现了作者丰富的想象力。而且这个三天没有现代科技的生活的假设是个相当有趣的设想，能够引起观众们的浓厚兴趣，吸引住听众，随着演讲者的讲述，边听边想象。因此，raising an intriguing question是一个值得学习的演讲技巧。
陈艺北京语言大学 季军
题目：Milkman vs. Mailman
When I was a kid, milk wasn’t for sale everywhere. For the families who need it, they depended on the milkmen to take it from the local dairy farms to their houses.
In our neighborhood, there was such a milkman, whose arrival was much anticipated by the children and always brought us laughter and joy. He knew the name of every kid and could easily see through our tricks. If we didn’t behave, he would side with our parents and threaten to rob us of the nutritious drink. The entire neighborhood was acquainted with him; saw him as a member of the community just like the many residents or street vendors. There was a bond between all of us for it was not only the commodities that been transacted, but also a sense of caring and dependability. And that small box fixed onto our door, other than being a drop-off point for milk; it was a communication junction between the people as we took the initiative to reach out to others.
Fast forward to today, milk is ubiquitous with no dedicated delivery system. But the convenience level of our live has gone up a notch. Almost everything is for sale online, which spares us all the travelling and talking. With a few ready clicks, shopping is done. The rest is left for those speed delivery companies. Usually it’s a grumpy mailman, who reaches us through cell phone, urging everyone to pick up their parcels as soon as possible. And the minute the receipt is signed, we rush back to unpack while the courier dashes to the next destination. There is barely a conversation carried out, nor do we feel the need to talk to such a stranger, who changes from time to time frequently. It seems that people are always in a hurry now, though we have more conveniences, still we run short of time to stop and stare, to speak and share.
陈艺同学的稿子最大的亮点是对比和取典型的运用。作者对比“old-timer”和“new-timer”生活中两个极富代表性的形象：Milkman和Mailman.
Milkman代表的是一种过去人与人之间固定、频繁、亲密的交流方式，而Mailman则代表人们在“快餐生活”时代过分追求高效导致的冷漠、疏远的人际关系。
作者只挑选了两个典型，并不多，但对两个典型都进行了非常充分的阐述，夹叙夹议，并带抒情，例子少但精。
第十四届21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛冠军演讲稿.txt求而不得，舍而不能，得而不惜，这是人最大的悲哀。付出真心才能得到真心，却也可能伤得彻底。保持距离也就能保护自己，却也注定永远寂寞。金璐：清华大学选手，第十四届“21世纪杯”全国英语演讲比赛冠军。
演讲稿：What would you do if you had only one day left to live?
“What would you do if you had only one day left to live?”
I asked this question to my young students when teaching English this winter. What were their answers?
“I would watch television!” the first answer. “I would play with the computer!” the second one. “I would play with computer TOO.” The girl finished her sentence perfectly with a serious smile. Indeed how cute and innocent that smile was, but how seriously my heart was hurt. I was too frightened to listen to more answers like that.
Ten years ago, at their age, I had a different answer: I would spend the last day of my life gazing at the face of my dear grandmother until I inscribed every detail of it onto my mind.
When grandmother was getting old and weak, my family bought her a telephone so I could save time and the trouble of traveling to her home by making phone calls instead. Later we bought her a television so she could watch modern dramas by herself. Then grandma must have been, we assumed, very contented and happy.
But I never really knew how grandma felt. She silently passed away without a word one night.When I heard about her death, a chilling pain pierced my empty heart. The pain grew even sharper as I tried to remember in detail exactly how grandma looked and I failed completely! How could I remember? I had not visited her for ages—it seemed like a century! My memories of her dissolved into thin air and leaked away like water.
Even though I have a telephone, can she hear me now?
Even though I might be on television, can she see me now?
Even though I have modern telecommunications, can she still communicate with me now?
With all these “tele”s, I was powerless.
Don’t people just love the word of “tele”, which means far away. Indeed this is how modern technology has changed our world. But please don’t forget this other word with “tele”: telepathy:which refers to human beings’ inborn ability to
connect to our loved ones. Our minds are supposed to read each other’s minds; our hearts are supposed to feel each other’s hearts — and fulfill these without any forms of tool!
But the moment I desperately struggled to remember grandmother’s face, the telepathy between her and me had shut down forever. With the help of modern technology, I killed our telepathy.
This shall never happen again! The “tele”s are great inventions. But “telepathy” gives them the warmth of a human face. Let’s harness the power of television to excite our kids to develop their telepathy with nature„ so that they can read the secret language of flowers. Let’s make the telephone lines provoke us to preserve our telepathy with each other, so we can connect in a warm and feeling way. Let technology keep our “telepathy” ALIVE! We need to wake up and make this happen.
I told my grandma’s story to those young kids that day. They got very quiet. They asked me for a second chance to answer the question. They had come to a new understanding – that very moment they had made to me and to our future together, a dear promise.
Thank you very much!
金璐：清华大学选手，第十四届“21世纪杯”全国英语演讲比赛冠军。
演讲稿：What would you do if you had only one day left to live?
“What would you do if you had only one day left to live?”
I asked this question to my young students when teaching English this winter. What were their answers?
“I would watch television!” the first answer. “I would play with the computer!” the second one. “I would play with computer TOO.” The girl finished her sentence perfectly with a serious smile. Indeed how cute and innocent that smile was, but how seriously my heart was hurt. I was too frightened to listen to more answers like that.
Ten years ago, at their age, I had a different answer: I would spend the last day of my life gazing at the face of my dear grandmother until I inscribed every detail of it onto my mind.
When grandmother was getting old and weak, my family bought her a telephone so I could save time and the trouble of traveling to her home by making phone calls instead. Later we bought her a television so she could watch modern dramas by herself. Then grandma must have been, we assumed, very contented and happy.
But I never really knew how grandma felt. She silently passed away without a word one night.When I heard about her death, a chilling pain pierced my empty heart. The pain grew even sharper as I tried to remember in detail exactly how grandma looked and I failed completely! How could I remember? I had not visited her for ages—it seemed like a century! My memories of her dissolved into thin air and leaked away like water.
Even though I have a telephone, can she hear me now?
Even though I might be on television, can she see me now?
Even though I have modern telecommunications, can she still communicate with me now?
With all these “tele”s, I was powerless.
Don’t people just love the word of “tele”, which means far away. Indeed this is how modern technology has changed our world. But please don’t forget this other word with “tele”: telepathy:which refers to human beings’ inborn ability to connect to our loved ones. Our minds are supposed to read each other’s minds; our hearts are supposed to feel each other’s hearts — and fulfill these without any
forms of tool!
But the moment I desperately struggled to remember grandmother’s face, the telepathy between her and me had shut down forever. With the help of modern technology, I killed our telepathy.
This shall never happen again! The “tele”s are great inventions. But “telepathy” gives them the warmth of a human face. Let’s harness the power of television to excite our kids to develop their telepathy with nature„ so that they can read the secret language of flowers. Let’s make the telephone lines provoke us to preserve our telepathy with each other, so we can connect in a warm and feeling way. Let technology keep our “telepathy” ALIVE! We need to wake up and make this happen.
I told my grandma’s story to those young kids that day. They got very quiet. They asked me for a second chance to answer the question. They had come to a new understanding – that very moment they had made to me and to our future together, a dear promise.
Thank you very much!
正由全球政治、经济、科技、文化界人士的预言变为现实，中国自身发展战略注重提升综合实力(尤其是软实力)，推进社会和谐，谋求人类和平发展与共同繁荣。在此背景下，以“中国中心观”(柯文，1989)取代“西方中心观”，运用本土化思维，由内而外分析思考历史、现实与未来，有助于科学地、完整地揭示影响当代中国社会发展的各种关键因素，有助于把握未来中国社会发展的大趋势。
以往旧的“中国中心观”在强调本土因素影响力的同时，也存在有可能忽视外部影响的弊病。作为一种理论上的修正，中外学界正逐渐将研究取向由“西方”和“本土”的对立转向结合。实现结合的关键，就是应以具备开放视野的本土“人”作为分析研究的新立足点，本土人的发展状况很大程度上制约着本土社会的发展状况。由此在当今全球化时代，笔者所秉持的“中国中心观”倾向于选择一种更为合理的分析框架，即将工作、生活在中国及国内各区域内的群体人和个体人的现实、多样、有效、均衡发展作为研究对象，将包容多元文化的中国人这一主体因素看作是影响中国自身发展的最重要的本土要素。
高等教育是实现人自身发展进而推动国家持续发展、进步的重要途径。中国本土高等教育经过快速增长已进入到一个新阶段，基于上述“以人为本”的“中国中心观”新思维，笔者认为，中国本土高等教育应主动适应区域经济和社会发展背景，顺应新时代人力资源高效、灵活开发与利用的潮流，尤其需要在发达的经济区域推动“社会化学习”的新模式，促进实现真正意义上的中国及中国人的发展。
一、全球化时代的“中国中心观”促成区域经济与社会发展新模式
21世纪初中国社会的发展建立在已有经济成就之上，基于民族自信心，尤其是融入全球化发展进程的选择，中国需要具备独特的“国家”魅力，而确立“以我为主”、“以人为本”的“中国中心观”新思维方式，将有助于推动形成具有全球影响力和吸引力的中国发展模式。 中国未来主要依托自身软实力、开放竞争与社会和谐走向富民强国，即实现以切实的全民受益、个体竞争力与文化竞争力提升为目标的真正的发展，而不是基于少量硬指标的华而不实的发展。它部分通过中国人追求更加完美的生活方式表现出来。随着中国经济基础增强，价值取向将发生变化，对国家整体发展的追求逐渐会延伸到对国民个体发展的追求上面。发展内涵由宏观层面向微观层面的延伸，使人们更加关注全球背景下中国的发展，中国背景下各区域的发展，并最终落实到区域背景下家庭及个人的发展上。
基于“中国中心观”新思维，中国应成为富有特色的世界经济文化中心。首先要继续利用全球化分工这一获取效率和竞争优势的重要方式，尽管产业投资遵循着自由市场原则呈现出高度流动性，但中国人口众多、幅员辽阔，产业和劳动力内部迁移的空间很大，中国经济社会发展的这一区域特性有助于实现地域及人口的梯次发展。无论沿海或内地，无论哪一种持续发展的经济模式都要求劳动力技能不断提升和转换。这对区域性教育人力资源开发和利用提出新要求。其次要充分利用全球文化融合中的发展动力，形成包容世界、中国、区域和个人的多样化和谐发展的价值观念，打造文化层面的“软实力”，使中国和中国人被世界广泛认同。这一观念对中国各区域经济与社会发展意义深远，以文化为中心、通过文化实现升华的区域经济与社会发展模式，为区域性教育发展与人力资源开发增添了新内涵。
基于“中国中心观”新思维，要求中国顺应社会和个人的“自组织”，创造多元机会、优化社会资源、惠及每一个体。当代追求个人发展理想、寻求个人发展机会的自我行为方式已渗透到社会所有领域。例如，许多学者认为如今的全球化已非过去的群体国际化(包括有组织的商业活动和非商业性流动)而是个人全球化(弗里德曼，2005)，实质是应对产业、资本高度流动，借助地域迁移和自我增殖来寻求个人利益最大化的个体发展策略。个人全球化不是所有
人(特别是产业劳动者)都能够选择的行为方式，当今中国的发展建立在全球化分工所形成的制造业优势上，但低端从业者在个人发展上相当被动，而那些主动寻觅机会的“精英”个体在中国发展模式下也有可能面临人力资本价值无法实现的状况。这一现象中既包含风险、危机也包含着发展动力。虽然全球化进程可能进一步扩大中国区域社会发展及个人发展的不确定性，但是在未来看似“零乱”的个人选择行为中有可能创造出全新的充满活力的中国社会发展模式，不过，前提之一是那些有能力做出选择的精英个体能够化解人力投资风险(例如融入本乡本土)，前提之二是“随波逐流”的职业劳动者能够从社会调控中获得补偿性机会(例如拥有职业培训和职业转换性学习的机会)，实质是要为所有生活于和想生活于某一区域的人提供适切的、开放的选择机会，避免人力资源的浪费，这对中国区域性教育提出了新挑战。
二、全球化时代的“中国中心观”催生区域高等教育发展新理念
(一)当代中国人发展的重要性与发展的不确定性并存
“以人为本”的“中国中心观”关注中国人的发展，强调人的因素对中国社会历史发展过程及结果的重要影响。实质是倾向于认同在公平与效率平衡原则下实现中国社会与中国人可持续发展的长远目标。它突显出中国建设人力资源强国战略的意义，促使人们关注全球化背景下中国多样性的区域经济发展模式与多样性的人才培养模式(人力资源开发模式)之间的互动关系，赋予中国教育服务于区域经济和人口的功能以全新内涵，即教育要通过实现国家及区域范围内的中国人和谐、多样、有效、均衡的发展，从根本上保障中国社会和谐、稳定、持续地发展。具体讲，就是在所谓“自组织”时代和个人全球化时代，中国如欲真正崛起，保持并扩大国际分工中的竞争优势，激发个体选择性行为的创造力，同时抑制社会分化和不稳定因素，其中一个关键的举措，是在教育领域深刻理解社会观和人本观的统一，充分挖掘世界、中国、区域和个人层面的教育资源，寻求更合理高效的人才培养、培训模式，提高中国社会人力资源开发的有效性和均衡性，为提升中国产业竞争力，缓和中国社会阶层矛盾，构建开放多元的民族新文化服务。
当代全球经济活动复杂多样，各国都从博弈中受益也付出若干代价，一方面博弈要依靠人，另一方面博弈的损益结果最终也落在个人和特定群体身上，传统区域化社会生活方式与全球化的矛盾冲突时有发生，导致出现对全球化的批判甚至抵制。随中国融入全球化发展的选择而来的将是一种广泛的不确定性影响，中国所有阶层和背景的人都面临变化的世界和变化的人生的挑战，亟需建立一个公正合理、高效务实的社会机制，作为维护中国人发展机会和权利的基础条件，保障中国人自由和谐发展并在总体上构成中国社会多元和谐发展。从教育(高等教育)和人力资源开发的视角，就是要建立一种人人都可能得到发展支持的社会资源体系，包括通过建设区域社会化学习体系来实现个人发展(相对)确定性与(绝对)不确定性之间的合理平衡。
(二)时代要求中国区域教育“以人为本”确立发展新理念
首先，教育的本质是培养人，培养人就是使年轻一代社会化，即以一定的规范将社会新成员凝聚在一起，融入社会之中，成为新的充满活力的社会积极因素，因此不能实现有效社会化的教育是失败的教育。当代社会化含义发生许多变化，社会化并不狭隘地指个人按照社会的安排发展，社会化要通过多样化选择来实现，教育要能够提供更多的可选择的机会，适应学习者日益复杂多变的背景，否则不可能经由个人学习选择达到社会和谐的目标。在西方社会和亚洲都存在排斥教育和社会化的现象，例如青年人中有所谓“隐居者”，将自己关在家里不接触外界(中青在线网，2006)，帮助减少学习者对社会的不适应应是全球化时代中国教育的重要内涵。
其次，教育要在适应个体背景差异的基础上使所有人都受益。通过提升学习者的认识能力和判断能力，从学习者自我入手帮助他们增强社会活动能力、积极融入社会生活，有效服务于多元社会背景下的个体行为选择，包括个人全球化及区域内外各种流动方式。
第三，“自组织时代”是一个民主的时代。中国正从传统上集中管理的社会走向公民社会，公民社会的主要特征就是公民对自己的行为负责，他对社会和国家的认同是建立在自己的价值观念和行为准则基础上的，只有自我思考、自我判断、个人品德主动约束个体行为，才能保持思想和行动的一致性，个体行为才能建立在自觉自愿的基础上。世界、中国、区域、个人之间的矛盾调和高度依赖负责任的个体行为。
“中国中心观”认同可持续发展理念以及和谐多样发展思想，要求教育为变动的社会提供充足的人力资源，与此同时确立“以人为本”的理念，将人的发展理解为目的和手段的统一。个人全球化教育与实用型职业教育一定程度上反映出个人发展与社会发展对立的现象，脱离实际的教育和狭窄的职业教育二者都将遇到极大的挑战。功利性与人文性统一才是全球化背景下教育服从和服务于人的根本。因此创造广泛培训与开放学习的机会与权利，只是一种表面现象，其本质是为人自身的协调、持续、长远发展创造条件，使未来中国社会发展的基础切实建立在具备巨大发展潜力的人身上。
在中国融入全球化发展的过程中，强化国际分工、扩大制造业竞争优势是客观需要，但同时需要充分考虑职业劳动者个人发展的必要性，要帮助他们提高自身知识、技能和对和谐社会的认识，有效应对全球产业高度流动、激烈竞争的挑战，减轻职业变化带来的压力。近期中国各发达经济区域通过老产业升级和发展高新科技产业保持竞争力的策略，不仅将形成对若干领域高等专门人才的新需求，更对继续教育、职业教育及日常培训提出要求，实际将推动多样性、终身性、开放性的社会化学习向深层次发展。
三、全球化时代的“中国中心观”推动区域高等教育改革
(一)以往中国区域高等教育发展策略存在误区
“中国中心观”所秉持的中国社会发展进步的动力观和要素观，明确了中国高等教育发挥作用的主要途径是中国社会人力资源的有效、均衡开发。中国是世界上人口最多的国家，人口是一把“双刃剑”，既是潜在劳动力和财富源泉，又是影响社会和谐稳定发展的重要因素。高等教育的作用就是要使人口成为有利于社会快速发展的宝贵资源。要实现这一目标，仅有数量发展不足够，还要有质量和结构的发展，关键是多样化高等教育体系的形成和不断改造。从20世纪末中国推进高等教育大众化进程以来，政府、社会、个人投入巨大，中国高等教育事业快速甚至是超常规发展使中国在21世纪初已经成为了世界高等教育“第一大国”，不过仅是从规模和发展速度来看，而且数量快速发展必然带来结构性问题。中国国情制约因素依然存在，世界上没有任何国家的现成经验足以完全解释和解决中国社会人力资源开发和利用的现实问题。
笔者通过研究中国高等教育50多年的发展轨迹，揭示出中国以往的高等教育发展策略具有明显的规划特征，试图通过计划手段和行政管理来实现高等教育的内、外协调，而这种方式看起来，一方面容易助长偏重落实发展指标的功利意识，另一方面受到自身作用范围的限制，随着大众化进程的伸延，其局限性已经日益显露。(张彤，2002)例如，中国高等职业教育的积极发展从理性上分析，是全球化分工和中国产业发展特点所决定的正确选择，但是在实施过程中其发展模式不适应多元化社会背景和实际需求。网络时代的青年人思想多元，许多人既缺少接受教育培训的兴趣，也缺少积极主动适应职业市场的动力，教育规划难以奏效。此外，中国众多地方高等教育机构仍受困于管理体制和办学自主权争议，纠缠于诸如投资、放权等常规技术性问题，对区域社会化学习的理念尚不明晰。因此地方政府、区域社会急待转变思维方式，从社会化学习的整体性、无边界性出发，综合考虑区域内一切教育机构或教育服务方式，研究如何让所有的教育机构开放并增强适应能力，想方设法吸引青年人口去学习、去接受合理开发。
(二)推动以促进社会化学习为核心的中国区域高等教育改革
中国高等教育的快速发展仍将持续，但发展重点必然因为政府、社会和个人越来越关注教育的实际效用而面临转变。1999年以来政府对高等教育发展的规划和干预，主要体现在增加
各层次高等教育机会、引导职业劳动力市场以及社会就业政策疏导等宏观方面，在微观层面除了国内“一流”大学的改革取得些许成效之外，区域性高等教育机构发展存在较多问题，私立民办高等教育机构发展面临一定危机。2005年后政府部门开始积极参与地方职业高等教育机构和成人高等教育机构的调整重组。对此，笔者主张中国区域高等教育发展策略应从注重整体入学机会转变到注重人力资源开发的效果，从升学型学历教育模式转变到与区域开发相结合的本地化教育或新移民教育模式中，后者的特征是灵活多样和精耕细作。
基于“中国中心观”新思维，肯定了中国提升软实力、实现内部和谐发展的长远价值，即中国自身持续发展建立在真正的全民受益、个体竞争力和文化竞争力同步提升的基础之上，这必然制约中国区域高等教育体系的结构和功能，使其发展目标不再是规模的“增与缩”，而是社会化学习的过程和结果，是学习的有效性、发展性、社会均衡性。它对传统的高等教育发展模式和传统的个体学习模式提出了挑战，中国目前从国家层面正在转变发展观，从“又快又好”转向“又好又快”，教育和人力资源开发领域也要转变发展观，从规模速度转向实效，从一次性转向终身性，从整体性转向个体性，从制度性转向灵活性，如此才能真正保持和提升建立在中国人充分、自由、个性、和谐发展基础上的国家及区域竞争力。笔者认为在中国部分经济、社会发达的区域，不仅有必要发展社会化学习方式，而且已经或逐渐具备社会化学习的条件。
四、全球化时代的“中国中心观”依赖区域社会化学习
笔者认为，“中国中心观”新思维方式中的人本化倾向，实际已充分反映在若干全球化与中国内部区域化互动衍生出的经济、社会、文化、教育新模式之中。20世纪末、21世纪初中国融入到经济全球化的大潮中，依靠积极吸引投资和相对廉价而高质的劳动力，逐步成为世界第一制造业大国。2006年中国实施新的“十一五”规划，各区域如规划中的天津滨海新区、福建海峡西岸经济区等都提出了自己的立足制造业的经济发展设想，其中福建海峡西岸经济区准备建成先进制造业基地(福建省政府，2004)，而当前中国在全球产业分工体系中的位置，主要是大规模制造和部分生产技术开发，金融服务业也紧随制造业扩张的步伐，2006年按照WTO承诺开始融入到世界体系中。中国的教育和培训领域受到产业界制约，工程师、服务产业管理人员以及技术工人的培养显得越来越重要。产业大国决定了中国经济高速发展(实际是中国社会整体发展)依赖于年轻人口的事实，中国职业劳动力的优势是成本低、素质高而且吃苦耐劳、积极乐观，但是要继续保有这些优势或特点，需要依靠挖掘人口的发展潜力，使之认同社会价值体系，适应职业变动与区域流动，要做到这些，必然依赖于区域社会化学习。当代中国区域社会化学习体系建设尚无法达到“学习型社会”的理想高度，但是它可以注重服务于中国经济社会发展的实际、突出人力资源开发实效，一方面发展职业技能和适应职业转换，另一方面发展社会文化和产业文化，调控社会矛盾和劳资对立，并帮助精英人才完成本土角色变换。
按照西方“智库”的内因影响观点，全球化时代区域发展状况比国际因素更能影响到一国的稳定，中国社会高速发展背后潜藏着一定的社会风险，主要体现在各个区域发展中(台湾联合报，2006)。它表明中国各区域的经济、社会、文化及教育的发展不仅关系一个地区民众的福祉，更是国家和谐、稳定、长远发展的关键所在，这一观念揭示了全球化背景下纷繁复杂的区域发展现象的正反面。正因为区域发展的重要性，区域高等教育应该有效地服从和服务于本地区发展，着力提升本地区人口包括外来移民的发展潜力，依靠有效和均衡的人力开发活动，在社会发展和人自身发展之间形成均衡的、和谐的关系，实现这一目标最合理的教育发展模式显然是多元开放的社会化学习。
“中国中心观”所秉持的“以人为本”的社会发展理念，已经体现在目前中国各区域发展策略之中，并且已在教育方面逐步开展本土化探索。例如苏州市2005年宣布按照江苏标准已经实现了小康社会的目标，表明中国较发达区域的经济、社会发展进入到一个新阶段，其中最
突出的是在苏州推行了“人人有技能，个个有工作，家家有物业”的亲民政策及配套措施。(大洋网，2005)现在不仅在“长三角”，在“珠三角”以及海峡西岸经济区等较发达区域也已从中国自身可持续发展的制约因素出发，认识到“以人为本”的重要意义，筹划通过推动社会化学习，积极吸引、有效利用、持续利用新增人口，积极开发人力资源，抓住这一区域长远发展的关键。
基于“中国中心观”新思维，显示中国实现全球竞争取胜和建设小康社会的阶段性目标，关键在参与全球化发展过程中，要扭转中国人文化价值观及行为方式上的不足、实现中国人的转变并融入世界，这需要从提高中国人自身素质出发。措施之一就是紧密结合当前及今后中国社会发展趋势，根据中国社会转型的实际，通过开展社会化教育与培训，将来自不同背景的人融合进主流社会中，包括帮助富裕的文化较低人士提高自我、适应角色转变;帮助职业劳动者拓展知识与技能;传播青年人喜爱的时尚文化，同时帮助他们理解新多元文化观、学会和谐共处。开放的、可选择的区域社会化学习将有效、及时地提升中国人的工作品质和生活品质，适应全球化时代的职业竞争和小康生活，促成中国自身以人为本的社会历史发展与进步。
经济学3班
姜寒秋
注：本文为网友上传，旨在传播知识，不代表本站观点，与本站立场无关。若有侵权等问题请及时与本网联系，我们将在第一时间删除处理。E-MAIL：iwenmi@163.com。举报文章
