英语作文词语转换
词语转换
1、转译成动词。
英语中的某些名词、介词、副词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的动词。
The lack of any special excretory system is explained in a similar way.
植物没有专门的排泄系统，可用同样的方式加以说明。(名词转译)
As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘记了穿鞋子。
2、转译成名词。
英语中的某些动词、形容词，翻译时可转换成汉语中的名词。
The earth on which we live is shaped a ball.
我们居住的地球，形状象一个大球。(动词转译)
The doctor did his best to cure the sick and the wounded.
医生尽了最大的努力来治疗病号和伤员。(形容词转换)
3、转译成形容词。
英语中有些作表语或宾语的抽象名词，以及某些形容词派生的名词，往往可转译成汉语中的形容词。另外，当英语动词转译成汉语名词时，原来修饰该动词的副词也往往随之转译成汉语中的形容词。
It is no use employing radar to detect objects in water.
使用雷达探测水下目标是没有用的。(作表语的名词转译)
The sun affects tremendously both the mind and body of a man.
太阳对人的身体和精神都有极大的影响。(副词转译)
4、转译成副词。
英语中的某些名词、形容词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的副词。
When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这些人争取过来。(名词转译)
动词变名词
1.v+ ment 结尾
achieve---achievement 成就 develop---development
advertise--- advertisement// advertising disgree—disagreement
agree— agreement department 局，部
apartment 公寓 experiment 实验，试验
amusement 娱乐 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材argue---argument争吵 govern 统治—government 政府 commit奉献—commitment manage---management 经营 管理 compliment 称赞，恭维
2．V+ tion 结尾admit 承认—admissionattract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方 conclude—conclusion 结论 illustrate 阐明，举例说明--illustration compete—competition 竞争，比赛 invite—invitationdiscuss—discussion 讨论 inspire---inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的educate-----education
--- decide----decision
pollute----pollution 污染 describe—description描写，描绘
predict---prediction 预言express 表达----expression 词语；表达
pronounce ---pronunciation方式
resolve 决心-----resolution 决心 graduate 毕业—graduation
impress 给人印象—impression 印象 operate 操作，动手术—operation
permit 允许-----permissionorganize----organization
suggest-建议，暗示--suggestionimagine—imagination 想象力
solve解决-----solution 解决方法 introduce—introduction 介绍
instruct—instruction指导， 介绍
invent—inventor / invention
3．V+ ance 结尾
allow—allowance 允许 perform----performance 演出 appear—appearance 外貌 ，出现 exist—existance 存在
4．V+ ing 结尾
bathe 洗澡---bathingmean ---- meaning 意义
end 结束----ending 结尾，结局 say-----saying 谚语
train 训练---training
5．V+ 其他
Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐 employ--employer 雇主，老板 sit--seat 座位 --employee雇员
believe—belief 信仰 mix 混合-----mixture 混合物 behave 行为，举止----behavior press 按，压—pressure 压力 know---knowledge receive—receptionist 接待员 fly—flight 飞行 serve—service 服务
heat 加热---heat 热量 succeed-- success
hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物，tour 在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出 碰撞 直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/
tourist 游客
pursue—pursuit 追求，从事 propose—proposal 建议
withdraw—withdrawal 取钱；收回；撤
名词变形容词
1名词+y
anger 生气-----angry honest—honesty 诚实的 hunger---hungry fog—foggy有雾的 fur----furry 毛皮的
guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的 health---healthy luck---lucky cloud---cloudy wind—windy 2.名词+ ed
balance –balanced 平衡的
spot 斑点，地点----spotted 有斑点的 talent-----talented 有天赋的 organized 有组织的 distusted 厌恶的 3．名词+ ful/less
meaning—meaningful 有意义的 care—careful/ careless 小心的；粗心的 help---helpful / helpless
home—homeless 无家可归的 colour---colourful
pain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的 4．名词+ able
adjustable 可调整的 comfort---comfortable 5.名词+ ous
courage—courageous 勇敢的 danger—dangerous
mystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的 6.ce 变 t
confidence----confident difference---different 7. al 结尾
Addition—additional 附加的，额外的 Class—classical 经典的
退
survive—survival--survivor 幸存者 arrive-- arrival到达 analyze—analysis 分析
rain---rainy snow---snowy sun—sunny
tourist------touristy 游客多的 business---busy
salt 盐--- salty 咸的 shine---shiny 发亮的
silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的 sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的
taste 口味，品味------tasty 甜的 offended 生气的 crowded 拥挤的 polluted 被污染的 pleased 高兴的
use---useless/ useful
thank—thankful 充满感激的
peace 和平 ---- peaceful 平静的，宁静的
playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的
knowledge---knowledgeable suit 一套-----suitable 合适的
dependence—dependent independence--independent medicine 药----medical 医学的 music---musical
nature---natural 自然的 person---personal (私人的) nation—national 国家的
education---educational有教育意义的 8．名词+ ly friend—friendly
live---lively 活跃的，有生气的 love—lovely 可爱的 10. 其他
energy精力---energetic strategy—strategic 战略的 fool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的
freedom 自由—free 空的， 免费的 height 高度—high illness 疾病--- ill
形容词变副词 1． 形容词+ ly
bad—badly
bright—brightly明亮地 casual—casually 随意地 clear—clearly清楚地 complete—completely 完全 correct---correctly 正确地 final--finally
fortunate—fortunately幸运地 general—generally 一般来讲 loud—loudly
particular 特殊的，独特的—particularly polite—politely
proper 合适的-，恰当的---properly main------mainly主要地2. 以le 结尾的 去e + y comfortable---comfortably gentle—gently possible---possibly
3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ily easy—easily heavy—heavily happy--happily 4.特殊
tradition----traditional 传统的
origin起源---original 新颖的；独创的 grammar—grammatical 语法的 globe—global 全球的9.+ en 结尾
wood—wooden 木制的 wool—woolen 羊毛的 love—loving 慈爱的 death---dead
pleasure---pleasant / pleased popularity 流行性—popular pride---proud
scientist----scientific 科学的
most 多数-----mostly 多半，大多数 normal---normally 正常地 quick—quickly
quiet—quietly 轻轻地，安静地 real—really
recent 最近的----recently最近；近来 hard 难的；努力地---hardly 几乎不 late 迟的—lately最近；近来 sad--sadly slow---slowly
special—specially 专门，特殊地
specific---specifically 特定地，明确地 strong—strongly 坚决地， 强烈地 sudden—suddenly突然 usual—usually
simple ----simply 仅仅；只；简单地 terrible---terribly
good—well好地well 身体健康的 ，井 true—truly
形容词变名词
efficient有效率的—efficiency 效率 patient—patience/impatience true—truthhigh—height possible—possibilityresponsible—responsibility prosperous—prosperity 繁荣
形容词变动词
modern—modernizefast--fastenlong—lengthen—length(n.)less--lessenstrong—strengthen—strength(n.) large—enlarge
名词变动词
computer--computerize名词---形容词—副词
beauty 美，美人—beautiful—beautifully
care—careful—carefully care—careless—carelessly
difference---different---differently
fortune—fortunate—fortunately/unfortunately
happiness—happy—happily hunger—hungry--hungrily health—healthy—healthily luck—lucky—luckily 方位的词名词—形容词 East—eastern West—western South—southern 四大洲名词-----形容词 Asia 亚洲–----Asian
dependent—dependenc依赖性independent—independency 独立性 wide—width long—length urgent—urgency 紧急 accurate—accuracy 准确性social--socializeshort/shortenwide--widennoise—noisy—noisily
pride—proud—proudly骄傲地 sadness—sad—sadly safety 安全；安全的地方—safe—safely silence—silent---silently 默默地 success—successful—successfully truth—true—truly
unluck—unlucky—unluckily
wonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully
North---northern In the west of China
In the western part of China
Africa 非洲----- African
Europe欧洲----- EuropeanAmerica 美洲-----American
既是形容词又是副词
earlyget up early ；
an early train latebe late for class
come late for school
deepdive deep into the sea
a hole deep large
highjump high；
a high mountain
harda hard question；a hard stone
work hard / study hard rain hard
longIt takes too long
It takes a long time
farjump far
My home is far from schoolstraighta straight line
go straight along here
第一类：人 第一种：健康
physical health 生理健康 mental fitness 心理健康 keep optimistic 保持乐观 pessimistic 悲观的 commit suicide 自杀
do physical exercises 进行体育锻炼 junk food 垃圾食品
well-balanced diet 均衡饮食 infectious diseases 传染病 anxiety 焦虑;渴望;挂念 despise 轻视，鄙视 disturbed 扰乱的 envious 嫉妒 admire 钦佩 esteem 尊重 grieved 伤心的
impatient 没有耐心的 courteous 礼貌 diligent 勤奋
第二种：成长
generation gap 代沟
the old/aged/elders/elderly, senior citizensindependence独立 doting care溺爱 spoil溺爱
persistence坚持 success成功
Achievement 成就 成功 conquer 征服
surmount 克服，越过;战胜 triumph 胜利 acquire 获得 attainment 成就 innovation创新
striving spirit奋斗精神 determined spirit拼搏精神 outlook of life 人生观 confidence信心 difficulty 困难 challenge挑战
老年人 crisis危机
employment 就业
cooperation/teamwork合作 team spirit团队精神 pursue 追求 satisfy 满足
thirsty for 渴望 yearn for 渴望 bravery 勇气
indulge 放任，纵容 inspire 鼓舞 stimulate 激励 tolerate 容忍 第二类：社会
第一种：环境问题 contaminate 污染
environmental protection 环境保护 keep ecological balance 保持生态平衡
sustainable development strategy可持续发展战略 save the energy 节约能源(节能)
reduce the emission of greenhouse gases 减少温室气体排放(减排) greenhouse effect 温室效应
clean renewable energy 清洁再生能源 low carbon economy 低碳经济 disaster 灾难 catastrophe 灾难
deforestation 滥砍滥伐 desertification 沙漠化
water and soil erosion 水土流失 sandstorm 沙尘暴 snowstorm 雪灾 typhoon 台风 flood洪水
earthquake 地震 第二种：义务与责任
责任：duty/responsibility 责任感：sense of responsibility 承担：shoulder/assume/undertake 逃避：avoid/shun/shirk 奉献：devote/devotion/dedicate/dedication 职业道德：professional ethics 欺诈行为：dishonest behaviors 伪劣产品：fake commodities 虐待：abuse错误 mistreat, maltreat, ill-treat(ment) 赡养：do good to, care, look after, take care of, financially support 扭转趋势：reverse the trend 第三类：文化 第一种：好
cultural exchange 文化交流
cultural integration/blending 文化融合
multi-culture, mosaic culture, pluralistic culture 多元文化 preserve and cherish 保存珍惜 absorb its essence 取其精华 Cross-cultural 跨文化的
cultural differences 文化差异 diversity 多样性 tradition 传统 treasure 财富 civilization 文明 mainstream 主流
diploma 学历 学位证书 第二种：坏
去其糟粕：resist its dark side 学术抄袭：academic plagiarism 偶像崇拜：idol worship 上网成瘾：web addiction 数码产品：digital products 电子游戏：electronic games 手机入网：mobile-phone subscription 手机短信：text message 电子媒体: electronic media 大众媒体: mass media 流行文化：popular culture 反智主义: anti-intellectualism
英语四六级高分作文技巧
1、是否长短句交叉;
2、是否会使用插入语;
3、用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词;
4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词;
5、句型使用是否准确、地道。
下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项：
1. 适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实，句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：It is ，therefore， high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so， its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.
2. 善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。
如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。
比如说： Other individuals， however， take the attitude that …
3. 一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good， bad ， many， thing， think，
people， opinion 等等)比如上面例子中，applicable替换proper， approaches替换ways， implement替换carry out， sharpen one„s competitive edge替换enhance one‟s competitiveness(提高某物竞争力)
下面举一篇南京工程学院某位同学写的优秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何运用各类写作技巧的。这位同学把老师上课讲的各类写作手法和精彩替换和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。
Computer and I ( By Simmy )
I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present， which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected ，and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless， feeling that the whole world belonged to me.
exceedingly 替换 very
thrilling 替换 exciting
sth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb. be interested in sth.
google 替换 search
an army of 替换 a lot of
The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology， computers pouring into the curren
t society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them， in large measure!
The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一个精彩句型，用来描述在某个时期发生了什么事情; Increasing popularity 替换 more and more popular
Coincident with … 非常地道的句型，表达“与…一致”的意思，替换 With …Advancement 替换 development
Pour into ( flood into / swarm into )替换 enter into
Current ( currently )替换 now
Appeal to sb. 替换 sb. be interested in sth.
Growing individuals 替换 more and more people
It is no exaggeration to say 经典句型， 说某事是毫不夸张的
For a start， we can， freely， search desired information at any moment 。 Little by little， our knowledge will be well enriched， and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally， we can get huge recreations online by chatting， playing games， or delivering email.
For a start 替换 To begin with
We can， freely， search 用了插入语的写作手法
our knowledge will be well enriched， and our horizons will be greatly broadened. 用了非常精彩的被动
Additionally 替换 In addition / Besides
Deliver 替换 send
There is no denying that ， however， computers can function in the disservice of human beings， in a way， especially the growing violence ，***， porn pictures， AV-films emerging on the screen ， which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.
There is no denying that ， however， computers can function in the disservice of human beings， 这个句子有三个精彩之处，首先There is no denying that这个句型，还有however作为插入语， function in the disservice of 替换 do harm to
Emerging 替换 appearing ( fading 替换 disappearing )
Net citizen 网民，属于精彩用词
As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people„ lives， despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should ，therefore， take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.
No garden has no weeds 替换 Every coin has two sides
Computers do play ，do 强调
Positive 替换 important / good 等
A slice of 替换 a part of
Unfavorable 替换 bad
Impacts 替换 effects / influences
We should， therefore， take advantage of … 使用插入语
Fruits (而且fruits 用的非常形象， merits/ virtues) 替换 advantage ( defects 替换 disadvantage ) Facet 替换 aspect
——————摘自知米背单词官方论坛
通常考研英语高分作文不是胜在复杂句式或单词，而是胜在“衔接词”，精彩的衔接词更能让你的作文极富条理，让老师阅读舒畅。下面来分享一些常用的过渡词句。
------------------
一、文章及段落起始常用的过渡词语
to begin with首先
例：To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas.
generally speaking 总体上讲
例：Generally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can
write in English.
first of all 第一，首先
例：First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty.
in the first place 首先
例：In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words aminute.
------------------
二、文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语
therefore, thus因此
例：Thus, taking morning exercises regularly may reduce the chances of
getting sick.
in conclusion 最后
例：In conclusion, universities should give larger amount of money to
libraries.
in brief, in a nutshell 简言之
例：In brief, birth control is of vital importance in China.
to sum up 总而言之
例：To sum up, out of sight, out of mind.
in a word 总之
例：In a word, country life is more beneficial than city life.
------------------
三、常用表示先后次序的过渡词语
first 第一 second 第二 next 其次，然后 eventually 最后，最终 since then 自此以后
afterward 以后，随后 meanwhile 同时 therefore 因而 immediately 立刻 finally 最后，最终
例：Finally, the country must not again go through the war.
------------------
四、常用表示因果关系的过渡词语
accordingly于是 for this reason由于这个原因 as a result of由„„结果
in this way这样 consequently结果，因此 due to由于„„
therefore因而 because of因为 thus这样
例：It rained, for this reason, the game was cancelled.
------------------
五、常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语
in contrast with和„„成对照 similarly同样 whereas然而 on the contrary相反
different from与„„不同 likewise同样 equally important同样重要 on the other
hand另一方面
例：Different from Jane, Mary is interested in Maths.
------------------
六、常用表示举例的过渡词语
a case in point恰当的例子 for example举例 namely( that is )即，这就是说 for
instance举例
例：A case in point is the water control project along the Yangtze
River.
------------------
七、有关描写图表的过渡词语
during this time在此期间
例：During this time, more women took various jobs.
apart from除了„„之外
例：Apart from the figures, the information below the table also suggests
the growth of production.
compared with与„„相比较
例：Compared with the percentage of the base year, it jumped by 15
percent.
from the above table/ chart/ graph根据上图(表)所示
例：From the above chart, it can be seen that changes do occur in the society.
------------------
八、常用表示强调的过渡词语
furthermore此外 moreover而且 besides此外 in fact实际上 also而且，也 indeed的确
again另外，还 in particular尤其，特别 naturally当然，自然，必然
例：Naturally, he denied that he had committed the crime. ------------------
九、逻辑连接词语
second, last but not the least, seeing„先后次序关系
so„, as a result of this, consequently, in consequence原因、结果关系
even though, though, regardless of转折关系
also, as well as, either„or„并列关系
not only„but also„, in order to do it„, accordingly递进关系
when in fact„, similarly, compared with比较关系
on the contrary, contrary to, conversely对比关系
as he explains, like, put it simply, for one thing„for another„举例关系
particularly, to be true, other things being equal强调关系
if so, if possible, provide that条件关系
in brief, in short, the conclusion can be drawn that„归纳总结关系
上面所列举的各类短语远不止于此，在有精力的前提下，大家在复习中还需要多多积累。
英语作文 新颖词汇总结(连词)
3. contrast: on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, in stead, by contrast 4. exemplification: for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say 5. enumeration: first, second, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, to start with, first and foremost, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for one thing, for another , finally, supremely, eventually, 6. cause: because„, because of, as, since, for, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of.. 7. concession: although, nevertheless, however, but, yet, admittedly, it is true„but, in spite of , even though„, granted that„, at the ever worse 8. emphasis: chiefly, especially, indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, to be sure, actually, above all, surely, most important of all, even worse, no doubt, needless to say, more often that not. 9. result: thus, so , consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, for this reason, as a consequence, on that account, it follows that„ 10. summary: in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, finally, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 1) 表层次: first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides and equally important too moreover besides in addtion finally 2)表转折; by contrast although though yet at the same time but despitethe fact that even so in contrast nevertheless even though for all that notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of on the other hand otherwise instead still regardless 3)表因果;
therfore consequently because of for the reason thus hence due to owing to so accordingly thanks to on this account since as on that account in this way for as a result as a consequence 4)表让步： still nevertheless concession granted naturally in spite of all the same of course despite even so after all 5)表递近：
furthermore moreover likewise what is more besides also not only...but also... too in addtion 6)表举例：
for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point 7)表解释：
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words 8)表总结：
in summary in a word thus as has been said in brief in conclusion altogether in other wordsto conclude in fact finally in simpler terms indeed in short in particular that is in other words of course on the whole to put it differently namely in all therefore to summarize 英语作文常用句型
一、开头句型
我们常说，良好的开端等于成功的一半。做事如此，作文也是如此。所以我们颇有必要在作文的开头花一番心思。 在写议论文时，你通常以什么样的方式开头呢?最简单也最常用的可能就是开门见山法。也就是说——直截了当地提出你对这个问题的观点，点出文章的中心思想。 i....has both advantages and disadvantages.„„既有利又有弊。例如： 1.obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. 2.living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.
1.advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life. iii.with the development of...，随着„„的发展，例如：
1.with the development of our economy，m any chinese families can afford a car. 2.with the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious.
3.with the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home.
4.with the current social and technological developments，
employees with more knowledge and higher academicdegrees are needed. 举一反三： 2.with more and more women entering society，peoples attitude towards women is changing. 随着越来越多的妇女走入社会，人们对妇女的态度也在改变。
3.with the deepening of chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of chinese families can afford a car.
随着中国改革开放的深入，越来越多的中国家庭买得起车了。(“越来越多”除了常用的more and more外，还可以用an increasing number of， a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等来表达。) 本结构看似固定，实则富于变化，只要记住with有“随着”的意思，相信大家可以根据实际的需要造出更多的句子。
我们已经看到，开门见山的开头使论文直切主题，直白明确地提出了论点。不过在讨论某些有争议性的问题时，就显得有欠缺，因为我们必须在文章的开头引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后再表明自己的观点。下面就是专门针对争议性论文的一种句型。
英语议论文多以简要总结全文或对所讨论的问题提出解决办法来结尾。总结全文时除常用到in one /a word，generally speaking等外，没有固定模式。提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型。 v....take measures to do sth.例如： 1.we should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world. 2.wed better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams. 3.the government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse. 4.urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks.常用句型二 一，开头句型
1.as far as ...is concerned 2.it goes without saying that... 3.it can be said with certainty that... 4.as the proverb says 5.it has to be noticed that... 6.it`s generally recognized that... 7.it`s likely that 8.it`s hardly that... it’s hardly too much to say that... what calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是 there’s no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认 nothing is more important than the fact that... what’s far more important is that... 二，衔接句型 a case in point is ... as is often the case... as stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
but the problem is not so simple. therefore然而问题并非如此简单，所以„„ but it’s a pity that... for all that...in spite of the fact that... further, we hold opinion that... however , the difficult lies in... similarly, we should pay attention to... not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
in view of the present station.鉴于目前形势 as has been mentioned above... in this respect, we many as well (say)从这个角度上我们可以说
however, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面，即
三，结尾句型i will conclude by saying... therefore, we have the reason to believe that... all things considered,总而言之 it may be safely said that... therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable... it can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论 from my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来„„也许更好
四，能句型
let’s take...to illustrate this.试举例以兹证明
let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this. it’s remains to be further studied... there’s question is how... so that, so...that... if you use a question it means you are questioning and not proving your point. questions are best to be left out of essays because they are very passive and sometimes make holes in your essay. when you confront a question, turn it into a statement: example:what do you think that person should do? change to: the person should do the following things to solve his/her problem. 2. use of and so on &etc. you cant put these in a formal essay. you must either identify what the so on and etc are or else just name three examples. the reader knows that you cannot possibly list every example or situation, but if you use so on and etc you are using non-formal language. example: there are many types of religions in society: judaism, buddhism, christianity and so on. change to: there are many types of religions in society such as judaism, buddhism, christianity, jehovah witnesses and hinduism. 3. using iwhen writing a formal essay, you cannot use i think i feel(and other i type statements. instead, use words like one and phrases like the reader or the audience. the reason we do this is, first, the reader knows you wrote it and also that it is your opinion; therefore, i is not needed. it is not formal language to say i think, plus it is not needed. examples:i think t hat cats are better than dogs. change to: cats are better than dogs. take out all the i thinks, in my opinion, i will show, i will prove and any other personal phrases. instead, make them into more general statements. 4. use of you your we us our please do not use these words in a formal essay. not only are they not formal language, but readers may be insulted if the author of the paper insinuates that you/we do something. it brings too personal of an examples: i think/ in my opinion change to: more general statements i think war is a pointless activity. war is a pointless activity. you/your change to:a person/ people/ his/ her/ one/ ones you think that reading is boring. one may think that reading is boring. our/ we/ us change to: his/ her/ people we all have to work together for a better society. people need to work together in order to create a better society. 英语作文常用词语和句型
一.开头用语：
良好的开端等于成功的一半.在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。
1.议论论文：a. just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.
d. opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. f. why do you go to university? different people have different points of view. 2. 书信：
a. i am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar. b. i read an advertisement in today’s china daily and i apply for the job... c. thank you for your letter of may 5. d. how happy i am to receive your letter of january 9. e. how nice to hear from you again. 3. 口头通知或介绍情况： a. ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention, please. i have an announcement to make. b. attention, please. i have something important to tell you. 4. 演讲稿：
a. ladies and gentlemen, i feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- a balance diet and health. 二.并列用语：as well as, not only„but (also), including, b. all of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture. c. he speaks french as well as english.=he speaks english, and french as well.=he speaks not only english but also french. 三.对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless b. it is hard work; i enjoy it though. c. contrary to what i had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四. 递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for, so„that„, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse a. the house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location. 五. 例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely a. as a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life. b. there is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education. 六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays, a. they will be here soon. meanwhile, let’s have coffee. b. firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty. 七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, what in the world/on earth.. , not at all , a. noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. b what in the world/on earth are you doing? 八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to... b. as a result, many of us succeeded in passing the college entrance examinations. 九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all a. generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters. b. in short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted. 常用句型
(一)段首句
1. 关于„„人们有不同的观点。一些人认为„„
there are different opinions among people as to„„some people suggest that „„
2. 俗话说(常言道)„„，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
there is an old saying„„its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，„„，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，„„;其次，„„。更为糟糕的是„„。 today, „„ which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. first, „„
second,„„what makes things worse is that„„. besides，„„
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，„„也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 everything has two sides and „„ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于„„人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)„„，在他们看来，„„ people’s opinions about „„ vary from person to person. some people say that „„to them,„„
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题„„，这个问题变得越来越严重。
8. „„已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 debates are right on their way. 9. „„在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 „„has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出„„。很显然„„，但是为什么呢? according to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that„„while. obviously，„„but why?
(二)中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成„„，他们相信„„，而且，他们认为„„。
on the contrary，there are some people in favor of„„t the same time，they say„„
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决„„的好方法，比如„„。最糟糕的是„„。
but i dont think it is a very good way to solve „„.for example，„„worst of all，„„. 3. „„对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，„„。而且„„，最重要的是„„ „„is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. first，„„whats more, „„most important of all,„„
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以„„。
there are several measures for us to adopt. first, we can„„
5. 面临„„，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来„„。一方面„„，另一方面， confronted with„„we should take a series of effective measures to„„.for one thing，for another，
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说„„，另外„„。所有这些方法肯定会„„。 it is high time that something was done about it. for example. „„in addition.„„all these measures will certainly„„. 7. 为什么„„?第一个原因是„„;第二个原因是„„;第三个原因是„„。总的来说，„„的主要原因是由于„„
why„„ the first reason is that „„the second reason is „„the third is„„.for all this, the main cause of „„use to „„. 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，„„也有它的不利的一面，象„„。 however, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, „„also has its own disadvantages, such as „„ 9. 尽管如此，我相信„„更有利。
nonetheless, i believe that „„is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意„„这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：
i fully agree with the statement that „„because„„.
(三)结尾句
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为„„
as far as i am concerned, i agree with the latter opinion to some extent. i think that „„
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注„„这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来„„。 in a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of „„only in this way can „„in the future. 3. 但是，„„和„„都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，„„，而„„。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)„„
but „„and„„have heir own advantages. for example, „„ while„„ 4. 就我个人而言，我相信„„，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为„„ personally, i believe that„„ consequently, i’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because„„
5. 随着社会的发展，„„。因此，迫切需要„„。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。
with the development of society, „„so its urgent and necessary to „„if every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.11 6. 至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为„„更合理。只有这样，我们才能„„ for my part, i think it reasonable to„„ only in this way can you„„
7. 对我来说，我认为有必要„„。原因如下：第一，„„; 第二，„„;最后„„但同样重要的是„„ in my opinion, i think it necessary to„„the reasons are as follows. first „„second „„ last but not least,„„
8. 在总体上很难说„„是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于„„的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现„„。 it is difficult to say whether „„is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of„„.however, from a personal point of view find„„
9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论„„
from what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that„„
10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是„„ if we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable
推荐阅读：
英语作文句型转换（推荐6篇）06-06
高中英语作文句型转换（推荐6篇）03-27
英语作文热点词汇（精选6篇）03-21
英语作文常用高级词汇（精选7篇）12-28
考研英语作文经典词汇（共6篇）05-10
高中英语阅读词汇课英语阅读词汇教学实践05-11
英语词汇自主学学英语论文提纲11-15
英语词型转换（推荐9篇）12-08
刍议英语词汇教学05-27
谈英语词汇教学09-11
