2017考研英语图表作文备考总结
文秘助手()之2017考研英语图表作
文备考总结
【新东方网校推荐：】
一、出题形式
例1题目：changes in people’s diet
study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. write three paragraphs to:
1.state the changes in people’s diet(饮食)in the past five years;
2.give possible reasons for the changes;
3.draw your own conclusions.
you should quote as few figures as possible.
例2题目：car accidents declining in walton city
remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;
1.rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;
2.possible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city;
3.your predictions of what will happen this year.
your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.
例3 for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic health gain in developing countries. your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(given in chinese):
1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命(life expectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infant mortality)的变化情况
2. 说明引起变化的各种原因
从以上例子可见，图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：
1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;
2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。
二、写作要领
图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。
三、写作步骤
写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：
1) 认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;
2) 确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;
3) 编列文章的提纲;
4) 根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡;
5) 检查与修改。
四、篇章结构
写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：
第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想
第二段：分析产生的原因
第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议
中国研究生招生信息网
2007年05月28日 16:53
一、图表作文写作常识
1、图形种类及概述法：
泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
饼图：pie chart
直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram
趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram
表格图：table
流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram
程序图：processing/procedures diagram
2、常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，
figures/statistics shows (that)……
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ……
table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how……
3、图表中的数据(Data)具体表达法
数据(Data)在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time
在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time
持续变化的data在不同情况下：
增加：increase / raise / rise / go up ……
减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall ……
波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ……
稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ……
最常用的两种表达法：
动词+副词形式(Verb+Adverb form)
形容词+名词形式(Adjective+Noun form)
二、相关常用词组
1、主章开头
图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph
描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent
内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion
2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组
rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的
dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的
significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的
sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的
steep/steeply 急剧升降的
steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的
gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的
slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的
slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地
stable/stably 稳定的
3、其它在描述中的常用到的词
significant changes 图中一些较大变化
noticeable trend 明显趋势
during the same period 在同一时期
grow/grew 增长
distribute 分布，区别
unequally 不相等地
in the case of adv. 在……的情况下
in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在……方面
in contrast 相反，大不相同
government policy 政府政策
market forces 市场规率
measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节
forecastn.先见，预见v.预测
来源：智阅网
英语作文也是考生最后冲刺复习的重点之一。很多人以为只要背个模板就够了，但是要真正地拿到高分，除了熟悉基本的模板之外，还需要了解一下各类型作文题型的写作技巧。下面是为大家整理的2017考研英语大作文写作攻略及分析——图表作文，大家可以参考进行复习。
1.写作攻略
图表作文是考研英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型。这类作文可综合提供题目、数据、图像、提纲，形式多样，但实际上只涉及 5个方面：描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议，而每次考试只是从这 5 个方面的内容中选出 3 个结合在一起。从写作类型来看，基本上属于说明文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定数据分析和材料归纳的能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。考研试题一般以三段式写作方法来组织文章，第一段总结归纳信息反映的整体情况，点出主题思想，第二段回答第一段所得出的问题，对数字、数据等做出有条理的分析比较，第三段做出总结或给以简单的评论。表格和图表题型写作要点：
(1)考生应仔细研究题目以及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。
(2)考生应该仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。
(3)图表作文一般采用的时态为一般现在时，但如果图表中给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。
(4)图表作文有一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。
(5)图表作文可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和饼形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应了解这四种图在写作方面的不同特点。
—— 表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。
—— 曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。
—— 柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。
—— 饼形图表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系，旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。
(6)列出各段主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开做好铺垫。
(7)围绕主题句完成段落的展开。尽量做到主题明确、条理清楚、文字简练。
(8)检查与修改。对图表作文的检查与修改应着重看文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致，资料是否恰当。
2.必背模版句型
As can be seen from/in the chart/diagram/table/graph...
从表格/图形中我们可以看到……
The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
表格显示比去年上升了 3倍。
According to /As is shown in the Table /Figure/Chart...
如表格/图表中显示……
The number is 5 times as much as that of...
此数字是……的 5 倍。
It has increased by three times as compared with that of ...
同……相比，增长了 3 倍。
It can be seen from the chart/diagram/table/graph/figures/statistics that...
从表格/图表/数据中我们可以看到……
From the table/figures/data/results/information above, it can/may be
seen/concluded/shown/estimated/calculated/inferred that...
从以上的表格/图表/数据/结果/信息中，我们可以看到/总结/预测/计算/得出……
A has the highest sales figure in the three departments, followed by B and C.
在 3 个部门中，A 的销售额最高，其次是 B 和C。
The figure of A is about twice as much as that of B.
A 的数字是B 的两倍。
The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in August.
上升两个星期后，8 月份开始平稳。
It accounts for 30% of the total population.
占到总人口的 30%。
The number of students has reached 500, indicating a rise of 20%, compared to last semester.
学生人数达到 500 人，与上个学期相比上升了 20%。
It picked up speed at the end of this month.
这个月底加快了速度。
The pie charts show the changes on... in some place in 2000.
此饼形图显示了 2000 年一些地方……的变化。
from this year on，there was a gradual declined reduction in the..., reaching a figure of...
从这年起，……逐渐下降至……
There are a lot of similarities/differences between...and...
……与……之间有许多相似(不同)之处
It can be drawn from the chart that the proportions of A and B are going down, though the falling level of the latter is a lot lower/higher than that of the former.
尽管 B 的下降速度比A 要慢/快，从表中我们可以看到 A和 B 的比例都在下降。
The increase/decrease is more noticeable during the second half of the 5 year period.
在 5 年期限的后半段，增长/降低比较明显。
It falls from 50% in 2000 to 30% in 2004, and then the trend reverse, finishing at 58% in 2005.
从 2000 年的 50%降到2004 年的 30%，然后形势逆转，2005 年达到了58%。
The table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to...
该表格描述了在……年之……年间……数量的变化。
As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了……的波动情况。
上面讲解的这些内容，和例句，大家可以学习借鉴一下。《考研英语写作考前冲刺20篇》这本书对大家现阶段的备考帮助很大，大家要好好利用，认真对待哦。
MBA英文写作讲义
MBA英文写作讲义 ........................................................................................................... 1
一、英文考试做题顺序.............................................................................................. 3
二、英文小作文通用要求和注意事项......................................................................... 3
三、小作文种类 ........................................................................................................ 3 1，作文通用要求 ............................................................................................... 3 2，十种书信 ...................................................................................................... 3 2.1 书信通用要求:标准格式，142阵形 ........................................................ 3 2.2求职信、申请信application letter/cover letter & Applying letter ................. 4 2.3推荐信recommendation letter ................................................................. 5 2.4辞职信resignation letter.......................................................................... 5 2.5建议信suggestion letter/advice letter ....................................................... 6 2.6感谢信thanks letter[2010 年真题，今年不太可能再考] ........................... 7 2.7祝贺信congratulation letter..................................................................... 7 2.8道歉信apology letter .............................................................................. 8 2.9投诉信complaint letter ........................................................................... 8 2.10邀请信invitation letter .......................................................................... 8 2.11介绍信introduction letter ...................................................................... 9 2.12请求信introduction letter ...................................................................... 9 3，通知 notice................................................................................................. 10 3.1通知 notice.......................................................................................... 10 3.2备忘录 Memo...................................................................................... 10 3.3 报告report.......................................................................................... 10 4，摘要写作要点 ............................................................................................. 11 5，小作文考试重点 .......................................................................................... 11
三、大作文模板 ...................................................................................................... 12 1，文字情景作文 ............................................................................................. 12 1.1 记忆要点 ............................................................................................ 12 1.2 作文模板[不要写作文题，没有明确就不要写] ...................................... 12
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2，图表情景作文 ............................................................................................. 13 2.1 Outline ................................................................................................. 13 2.2 template............................................................................................... 13 3，图画情景作文 ............................................................................................. 14 3.1 Outline ................................................................................................. 14 3.2 template............................................................................................... 14
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一、英文考试做题顺序
MBA老师建议的做题顺序： 第一步，阅读
第二步，写作，小作文和大作文 第三步，翻译
第四步，完形填空。
顺序原因：一切围绕考分重点，即阅读和写作来投精力。完形填空作为时间的替补。
二、英文小作文通用要求和注意事项
1，格式规范：如作文标题，书信的开关及落款
2，书写整洁：阅卷规定，书写不清可以降低1档(3分左右)
3，虎头豹尾：作文的开头、结尾都要用事先准备好的范句，不可出错。前三句即决定成绩。 4，避免明错：作文要用保险的方法，不要出明显差错，如时态，单复数，虚拟语气等。 备注：
1， 老师阅卷是将试卷扫描成电子版，在电子版上阅卷，所以不能写出界，否则扫描不上 2， 小作文和大作文可以有重复的句子出现。因小作文和大作文是不同老师流水线改卷。
三、小作文种类 1，作文通用要求
MBA英语二的写作25分，分为：
A节：小作文，10分，种类：A1，应用文:书信，备忘录，报告，通知，便笺
字数要求100字，一定要大于100字 B节：大作文：15分，三类：
B1，文字情景作文，05，08，09，传统考法
B2，图表情景作文：考试年份：06，07，10，本年备考重点 B3，图画情景作文：考试年份：98，99，2008，2010，
2，十种书信
2.1 书信通用要求:标准格式，142阵形
书信格式：要求采用缩进式，缩进可以4或8个字母 书信结构：
1， 称呼顶格：个人：Dear Sir/Madam/Judy/Jack,(用逗号) 机构：Dear Sir or Madam, /To whom it may concern, / To those concerned, 专业：Dear Mr. Wang, / Dear Professor Wang, / Dear Editor Wang, 2， 正文缩进4字.通常分三段，句子数量：1，4，2，或1，5，2内容为： 首段：写信目的1句
中段：写信详情4或5句，通常1句总述，3到4句分述 尾段：收尾2句，S1：感谢看信，S2：期待回信 3， 落款在右边：
Yours truly, / Yours faithfully,/ Yours sincerely, NAME
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2.2求职信、申请信application letter/cover letter & Applying letter 1，outline：
P1【写信目的求职】P2【我有资质.教育背景.工作经验.自身素质】P3【感激面试.期待回应】 Para1, S1, writing the letter, purpose, applying for a position Para2,S1,my qualifications, meet your requirements
S2,In the first place, major, in line with this job
S2,In the second, previous work experience, help lay a solid foundation
S3,Inaddition, a good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn
S4,refer to my resume attached, for more details. Para3,S1,would appreciate it a lot, schedule an interview
S2,Looking forward, to your reply, at your earliest con-ven-ien-ce. 3， Example 1：application letter Dear Sir or Madam, I’m writing this letter for the purpose of applying for the position [as posted in the newspaper]. My qualifications, I believe, just amply meet your requirements. In the first place, my major, English, is perfectly in line with this job. In the second, my previous work experience [as a middle-school English teacher] has helped lay a solid foundation for the work here. In addition, I am a good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn. Please refer to my resume attached for more details.
I would appreciate it a lot if you could schedule an interview for me. Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Key words：
Yours truly, Li Ming Application 申请;Apply 申请;Position 职位;Post 职位;Qualifications资质; Background: bachelor Master Doctor; work experience: solid foundation(良好的基础);team player, self-motivated, eager to learn(渴望学习)
4， Example 2: applying letter To whom it may concern, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of applying to be a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. My qualifications, I believe, just amply meet your requirements. In the first place, my specialty, English, is perfectly in agreement with the job. In the second, my previous work experiences as a social volunteer has helped lay a solid foundation for the work here. Moreover, I am a good team player, self-motivated, eager to learn. I would appreciate it a lot if you could schedule an interview for me. Looking forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.
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Yours truly,
Li Ming 2.3推荐信recommendation letter 1, outline P1【写信目的推荐.在找工作】P2【符合要求.有经验.有素质.值得考虑】P3【感谢.期待回应】 Para1,S1,recommend to you S2, seek employment as a sales manager Para2,s1,amply meet your requirements S2, rich experiences, help lay a solid foundation S3,good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn S4, certain, deserve your consideration Para3,s1, pay due attention, s2, look forward, your reply, at your earliest con-ven-ien-ce 2, example Dear Judy, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of recommending to your Li Ming, one of my best collages. He is seeking employment as a sales manager in your company. As far as I know, his qualifications amply meet your requirements. In the first place, his rich experiences as a sales manager has helped lay a solid foundation for the work here. In the second, he is a good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn. Accordingly, I’m certain that he deserves your consideration. Thanks a lot for paying due attention to the letter. I’m looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours truly, Li Ming 2.4辞职信resignation letter 1, Outline: P1【写信目的辞职】P2【不合适.没挑战.低工资.要辞职】P3【谢机会.感sorry】
Para1, S1, resign from my current position Para2,S1,After several months of work, find it in-appro-priate, take the position,following reasons S2,expected the job to, be both challenging and rewards, turn out to be the opposite S3,salary, has proved to be a lot lower, you originally promised S4, As a result, make up my mind, to quit, after much de-libera-tion Para3,S1,having offered me, the golden oppor-tunity to work, with the outstanding staff here S2,I am sorry, for any in-con-ven-ience caused. 2, Example: Dear Mr. Jack, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of resigning from my current position. After several months of work, I find it inappropriate for me to take the position [as an editor] for the following reasons. In the first place, I ever expected the job to be both challenging and rewards which has turned out to be the opposite. In the second, the salary has proved to be a lot lower than you originally promised and I have a large family to support. As a result, I’ve made up my mind to quit the job after much deliberation.
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Thanks a lot for having offered me the golden opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here. I sincerely hope you will approve of my resignation. I am genuinely sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Yours truly,
Li Ming Key words: Resignation 辞职，position 职位, inappropriate 不适合的; challenging 挑战的; offer 提供; golden opportunity 绝佳机会. After much deliberation 深思熟虑
2.5建议信suggestion letter/advice letter 1, outline: P1【写信目的建议】P2【情况危急.必须行动.公众意识.相关部门.大众媒体】P3【感谢.期待】 Para1, S1, convey my deepest concern,
Para2,S1, must be pointed out, current situation, is going from bad to worse. S2, accordingly, it’s urgent, take effective measures. S3,enhance the public’s awareness of gravity of it. S4, appeal to, relevant department, set up stick regulations, against it S5, mass media, help devise ways, easing the bad trend Para3,S1,pay due attention S2, looking forward, see some new changes 2, Example 1: 宏观大建议
To whom it may concern, I am writing the letter for the purpose of conveying my deepest concern about the “White paper”. It must be pointed out that the current situation is going from bad to worse. Accordingly, it’s urgent for us to take effective measures. In the first place, we should enhance the public’s awareness of the gravity of it. In the second, we should appeal to the relevant department to set up strict regulations against it. [For example, changing more on the plastic bags]. In addition, mass media should help devise ways of easing the bad trend. Thanks a lot for paying due attention to the letter. Looking forward to seeing some new changes in the society soon.
Key words:
Yours truly, Li Ming Deepest concern 最深切的关注;convey 表达;suggestion 建议; going bad to worse 变得更坏;effective measure 有效手段; enhance 加强; awareness 意识; help devise ways 想方设法; deteriorating 恶化
3, Example 2: 具体事件小建议 To Sir or Madam, I’m a student from the Department of Foreign Languages and I am writing the letter for the purpose of making some suggestions about the library’s service. It must be pointed out that the present situation is going from bad to worse. Accordingly, it’s imperative for us to take effective measures. To begin with, why not set up an inquiry desk at the
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circulation hall? In addition, the students should have access to the latest issues of foreign magazines. Finally, you’d better maintain strict order in the reading room. Thanks a lot for pay due attention to the letter. Looking forward to seeing some new changes in our library room.
Yours truly,
Li Ming. 2.6感谢信thanks letter[2010 年真题，今年不太可能再考] 1, Outline Para1, S1, 写信目的：感谢,thanks Para2,S1,原因1：友好热情 S2，原因2：慷慨帮助 S3，原因3：友谊 S4，内容：感谢方式 Para3,S1，再次感谢 S2，祝福
Key words:Generous 慷慨的; 2, Example
Dear Judy, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of conveying my thanks for your warm reception [during my recent visit to your country]. Your friendly warmth made it possible that I have a pleasant time in America. And it was your generous help that allowed me the chance to know the American culture better. In addition, I consider in an honor for me to make a friends of you. I hope that you would visit our country in due course so that I could enjoy the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship. Please accept my sincere thanks. Wish you all the best.
Yours truly,
Li Ming 2.7祝贺信congratulation letter 1, Outline: P1【写信目的祝贺】P2【得来不易.激动.值得.鼓励.骄傲】P3【祝贺.期待】 Para1,S1,convey my sincere con-gratu-lations Para2,S1,how hard you’ve worked, to attain this goal. S2,imagine your excitement, realize such an ambition. S3, more deserving than you S4, real encouragement, to see your pains rewarded. Para3,S1, accept my sincere congratulations. S2, wish you still further success Key words: Excitement 激动; attain 取得; ambition 追求; deserve 值得 2, example Dear Judy, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of expressing my sincere congratulations on [your promotion to general manager of the company]. I know how hard you’ve worked to attain this goal. Therefore, I can imagine your excitement when you realized such an ambition. Indeed, no one could have been more deserving than you. On
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the other hand, for me, it would be a real encouragement to see your pains rewarded. [ In short, I take great pride in your achievements]. Please accept my sincere congratulations. I wish you still further success.
Yours truly,
Li Ming 2.8道歉信apology letter 1, outline P1【写信目的道歉】P2【道歉原因.道歉.解释，补救】P3【道歉.请求原谅】 Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessness Para2,s1, S2, fell awfully sorry S3, try my best , as soon as possible Para3,s1, accept my heartfelt apology, S2, hope you can forgive, for my carelessness 2, example Dear Judy, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of making a sincere apology to you for my carelessness. When I arrived home, I found I had forgotten to return the music CD that you lent me. I fell awfully sorry for this. As I understand this CD is one of your favorites, I’ll try my best to send it back as soon as possible. Please accept my heartfelt apology. I genuinely hope you can forgive me for my carelessness.
Yours truly,
Li Ming 2.9投诉信complaint letter 1, outline P1【写信目的投诉】P2【道歉原因.道歉.解释，补救】P3【道歉.请求原谅】 Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessness 2, example To whom it may concern, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of make a complaint about the laptop I bought last week. The reasons for my complaint are as follows. In the first place, the system often broke down for no reason, which led to the loss of my key data. In the second, the color of the screen was abnormal and couldn’t be adjusted. Accordingly, I find it difficult to go on with my work.
My demand is that you should take this matter into serious consideration and give me a satisfactory replay as soon as possible. At the same time, I genuinely hope to see some improvement in your services.
Yours truly, Li Ming 2.10邀请信invitation letter 1, Outline P1【自我介绍.写信目的邀请】P2【活动介绍.邀请.活动介绍.邀请】P3【客套.要求.期待】
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Para1,S1,make a sincere apology, for my carelessness 2, example Dear Sir or Madam, I am head of a household electric appliance plant, which is a major manufacturer of high-quality recorders. I’m writing the letter for the purpose of inviting you to the exclusive presentation of our new models and a reception. The presentation is scheduled to take place at Noble Hotel on the third of January. I’ll fell it an honor if you could come. There will also be a reception at the tow p.m. I hope you will attend too. Since your presence is of vital importance to this occasion, I do hope you can make it. Just call our office at 010-69985421, and we will glad to reserve a place for you. I’m looking forward to seeing you at that day.
Yours truly, Li Ming 2.11介绍信introduction letter 1, outline P1【写信目的介绍】P2【个人情况.计划.原因.期待】P3【感谢.期待】 2, example Dear Judy, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of introducing to your Li Ming, one of my best colleagues. Presently he is studying in Si Chuang University. He will graduate in July and go to America for further study. As it will be the first time for him to study aboard, he will most likely encounter a variety of difficulties. Therefore, he hoped to enjoy your guidance in some ways. I would be most grateful if you could kindly offer help. Thanks a lot for paying due attention to the letter. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly, Li Ming. 2.12请求信introduction letter 1. outline P1【写信目的请求】P2【条件.条件1.条件2.计划】P3【感谢.期待】 2, example To whom it may concern, I’m writing the letter for the purpose of asking you to help find a child in a remote area to offer financial aid. My requirements for the candidate are as follows. In the first place, he must be in poverty and truly in need of help. In the second, the child should be self-motivated and eager to learn. In addition, he must be willing to return to his hometown after graduation from university. Form my plant, I would send him a certain sum of money each term. Thank you for paying due attention to the letter. I’m looking forward to your replay.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
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3，通知 notice 3.1通知 notice 1, outline P1【通知目的】P2【条件.条件1.条件2.条件3】P3【套话.期待】 2, example
NOTICE To enrich the students’ campus life, the Postgraduates’ Association is recruiting volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The requirements for the candidates are as follows. In the first place, the applicants must have outstanding skill at English. In the second, they should be good team player, self-motivated and eager to learn. Last but not the least, the students with relevant working experience shall be preferred. Those interested in the activity may sign up with the monitor of their class before the first of Feb. Everybody is welcome to join in it.
2010.11.28
Postgraduates’ Association 3.2备忘录 Memo 1， outline P1【目的】P2【主题.条件1.条件2】P3【套话.期待】 2, example Date: Juanary 15, 2011 To: All Students of the English Department From: Class Monitor Zhang Wei Subject: Sprint Excursion As spring arrives and the weather turns to be agreeable, the department has decided to organize a spring excursion in a suburban country. The activities include mountain claiming and picnic. All the students of the English department are encouraged to participate. We remind you of the necessity of bring some food and water as well as wearing comfortable shoes. Those interested in this excursion may sign up with the monitor of their class. Everybody is welcome to join in it. 3.3 报告report
1， outline P1【主题】P2【主题.条件1.条件2】P3【套话.期待】 2, example To: Professor Clinton From: zhang wei Date: January 15, 2011 Subject: A progress report on graduation research
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This is a report I have to submit to you about my graduation paper. Last week, I gathered information from library and from an interview. Of the twelve references lists on my proposal, I found only nine, for others I will go to search in a larger library. As far as interview concerned, I had an extended interview with Mr. Liming, a professor from Peking University, who was kind enough to give me some brochures as well as a copy of report on electronic mail. I hope to use in my paper. Starting tomorrow, I will begin organizing my paper. And I can be expected to submit a rough draft by the end of the month.
4，摘要写作要点
摘要，是用1500字左右的中文，摘写100字左右的英文，是阅读能力和翻译能力。 思路：1读，2摘，3译
1读：浏览各段首句或
2、3句，不用看完全文 2摘：选摘总结句->或句子中的关键词 3译：对摘的句子做翻译
摘的要点：文摘句(自选能写的)-》句改写(容易翻译的方式)-》句摘词(把复杂的词或句子结构简单化) 宗旨：通过摘句、改句、摘词，将难度控制到自己能写的范围内
翻译要点：1，分析句子结构，2，确定并翻译句子主干，3，添加句子的枝叶，副词或修饰，4，通读审校。
并注意：通用短语不要用单词，增加句子的丰富性。
5，小作文考试重点
优先级：1,书信 2,通知+备忘 3,报告
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三、大作文模板
考试要求：大作文有三类：1，文字情景描述，写评论，2，图表，写评论 3，漫画，写评论 三种作文的难度越来越大，相同一个万能模板，只是第一段分为文字开头、图表开头、漫画开头，
二、三段不太变化。字数：英语一200字，英语二150字，只需要酌情增减从句。
1，文字情景作文
1.1 记忆要点
篇章结构：三段论。句子阵形：442。行文思路：总分总。写作要点：背模板，套熟句 Outline: 第一段：总述形势：
P1,S1: :开头是趋势，S2：双方不满意;S3：有人要支持，有人抱怨去;S4：我看是好事 第二段，提供论据
P2,S1: 证据非难事S2：先经济政治， S2a调查可证实S3：再确信好事，S4：并不容忽视 第三段，深化认识： P3,S1：结论深了去S2：公众别怀疑 [可选S3，我信这趋势] 记忆要点：
S1：These days, an increasingly hot issue, among the public that, a growing number of, willing to S2:whenever, come to this subject, spring up opposite voices S3a:，tend to, view it as a blessing(beneficial), S3b:，claim, it’s a hell S4:。For my part, incline to support, former view S1：：of no difficulty, put forward several arguments, to account for the phenomenon S2：：at the top of the list, rapid development of the economy, steady improvement of living standards, more and more people[family] can afford a private car S2a:：According to a recent survey, about 55% of, have such financial resources S3：：in the second, admit that, to study abroad[ to obtain another degree], enrich their experiences [enable people to find well-pay job] S4:：last but not the least, the fact cannot be ignored that, lifelong study has become a must in the current era of knowledge explosion [ we should keep up with the times] S1: considing what has been argued so far, safely come to the conclusion, trend, S2: accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public, regard it with, too much anxiety. S3: And I firmly believe that, situation, continue for quite a while, in the years to come
1.2 作文模板[不要写作文题，没有明确就不要写] These days, it has become an increasingly hot topic among the public that
[a growing number of college students are willing to work as a nurse after graduation.] [a growing number of adults intend to continue their further education]. Whenever it comes to this subject, there will always spring up opposite voices. Some people tend to view it as a blessing, while the other claims that it’s a hell. For my part, I am inclined to support the former view. It’s of no difficulty to put forward several arguments to illustrate [account for] my standpoint[ the phenomenon]. At the top of the list, with the rapid development of our economy and the steady improvement of living standards,[more and more Chinese families can afford their children’s higher education abroad][those with various degrees are in great demand]. According to a recent survey, about 55% of [Chinese families in big cities have such financial resources][ of job hunters have found their desirable positions]. In the second, we must admit
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that [to study abroad can enrich their life experience][to obtain another degree can enable people to find well-paid jobs]. Last but not the least, the fact could not be ignored that [children will have to be independent of their parents] [ lifelong study has become a must in the current era of knowledge explosion]. Considering what has been argued so far, we can safely come to the conclusion that the trend is normal and acceptable. Accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public to regard it with too much anxiety.[ 可选Therefore, I firmly believe that the situation will continue for quite a while in the years to come.] 2，图表情景作文
2.1 Outline Figures-> change -> phenomenon -> issue/topic/subject P1,s1:有变化;S2：具体变化[上升还是下降];S3：数据引用[开始，后来];S4：与此同时 Para2与Para3与文字情景作文相同 首段记忆要点
S1, what is shown in the char above, demonstrate[reveal] clearly, some change, have taken place, with regard to, [the recruitment number]. S2,based upon the data of the chart, one can see that, has been on a steady rise [decline] all the time S3, In the year of , is only about, but within no more than server years, went up[down] to . [S4,有两种变化时描述第二种变化,meanwhile, have witnessed [slight] changes]. 2.2 template What is shown in the chart above reveals clearly that [remarkable/some] changes have taken place with regard to [university graduates’ expected income毕业生期望薪酬] [ the recruitment of Master of Engineer] [DINK families in China]. Based upon the data of the chart[diagram], one can see that the [expected income per month][number][percentage] of [recruitment of ME ][such families] has been on a steady rise[decline] all the time.
In the year of [1998,图表数据], it [recruitment number] was only about [3,100 RMB] [1%], while within no more than several years, it [the number][percentage] went up[down] to [2,100 RMB] [12%] in [2009].[ At the same time, college graduates’ real income[the number of others] has witnessed slight changes.] It’s of no difficulty to come up with several possible factors to account for the trend.
At the top of the list, with the rapid development of [higher education] our economy and the steady improvement of living standards, [a great number of families are rich enough to afford the private cars][the number of graduates has been growing.][ mobile phone has become a life necessity] [a growing number of couples enjoy family time without children.][those technical are in great demand] According to a recent survey, about 55% of [families in big cities have plan to buy a car in next year][students claim that competition between students is increasing] [families have no plans to bear children][employers need professional graduates].
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In the second, we must admit that [a good many of graduates have turned down-to-earth]. [there are a great number of population in our country][some couples are showing great worry for the rapid growth of population]. [ME can help people to find well-paid position with great ease.] Last but not the least, the fact could not be ignored that [mobile service in our country has been increasingly cheaper][youngth have come to place more emphasis on the choice of life work instead of monthly rewards]. [it’s too expensive to raise a children][lifelong study has become a must in the era of knowledge explosion]. Considering which has been argued so far, we could safely come to the conclusion that the trend is normal[abnormal] and acceptable[negative]. Accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public to regard it with too much anxiety.[如果是负面:Accordingly, it is urgent for us to take effective measures to reverse the trend][ 可选Therefore, I firmly believe that the situation will continue for quite a while in the years to come.]
3，图画情景作文
3.1 Outline 1，看Directions, 审题
2，看图，先看宏观，再看微观， 3，确认自己主题：支持或反对 2，作文结构 Para1: S1，赞美图画:thought-provoking drawing, attract, attention by, startling originality S2，感慨Looking at this drawing, every reader sink into, meditation, upon its implication S3，描述As is shown by the cartoon,
S3，解读 Needless to say, this picture is intend to illustrate the gravity of [ the current traffic jam] Para 2: S1有原因It is of no difficulty ,to put forward, some factors, to account for, above phenomenon S2：原因1, To begin with, rapid development of economy, steady improvement of living standards S3举例,Based upon, survey, about 55% of , S4,原因2，In addition, we must admit that S5,原因3，Finally [Last but not the least],the factor cannot be ignored that Para 3: S1，评论Taking into account, what has been argued so far, I’m inclined to view, as.., abnormal, negative [normal positive] S2：预测Accordingly, It is of necessity for the public, to regard it, with too much anxiety.
3.2 template This though-provoking drawing will catch every reader’s attention by its startling originality. Looking at the drawing, I believe, every reader will sink into meditation upon its implication. As is shown by the cartoon, [every car, lorry and bus on the road moves at a rather slow speed, even no faster than the grandmotherly women walking nearby with a snail. ][various culture elements, such as Kongfu, Beijing Opera and Laoshe are surprisingly boiled in a hotpot]
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Needless to say, this picture is meant to illustrate the gravity of [the current traffic jam][culture integration].
It’s of no difficulty to put forward some possible factors to account for the phenomenon. At the top of the list, with the rapid development of our economy and the steady improvement of living standards, [论据一 a growing number of families are rich enough to afford private cars][there is an increasing demand for various cultural products]. According to a recent Internet survey, about 55% of [举例families in the big city have plans for a car ][people in big cities are positively in favor of the trend]. In addition, we must admit that [论据二 the public transport system still fails to keep up with the times与时俱进]. Last but not the least, the fact cannot be ignored that [论据三 the public have yet to improve their sense of environmental protection][multi-cultural society will make our life rich and colorful]. Considering what has been argued so far, we can safely come to the conclusion that the phenomenon is normal [/abnormal] and positive[/negative]. Accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public to regard it with too much anxiety.[ it is urgent for us to take effective measure to reserve the trend.] [And we firmly believe that the situation will continue for quite a while in the years to come.]
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图表分析作文1
As is clearly shown in the table/ figure/ graph / chart, 图表总体描述 between 年代 and 年代. Especially, 突出的数据变化. There are three reasons for 具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词.
To begin with, 原因一. In addition / Moreover, 原因二. For example, 具体例证. Last but no least, 原因三. In short,总结上文.
As far as I am concerned, / For my part, / As for me,作者自己的观点. On the one hand, 理由一. On the other hand, 理由二. In brief,总结上文.
图表分析作文2
The table / figure / graph / chart shows that 图表总述from 年代 to年代. It is self-evident that突出的数据变化. Three possible reasons contribute to 具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词或代词代替上文内容.
One reason is that原因一. Another reason is that原因二. For instance,举例证. What’s more原因
三. As a result, 重述上文之趋势.
However, in my opinion 作者观点. For one thing,理由一. For another, 理由二. To sum up,总结上文.
图表分析作文3
It can be seen from the table / figure / graph / chart that图表总述between年代and年代. Especially,突出的数据变化. Why are there such great changes during 图表涉及的年头数years? There are mainly two reasons explaining具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词或代词代替上文内容. First,原因一. In the old days,比较法说明过去的情况. But now,说明现在的情况. Second,原因二. As a result,总结上文.
In my viewpoint,作者自己的观点. On the one hand,论点一. On the other hand,论点二. 图表分析作文4
As the table / figure / graph / chart shows,图表总述in the past years年代. Obviously,突出的数据变化. Why are there such sharp contrasts during 图表涉及的年头 years?
Two main factors contribute to具体表示急剧上升、下降或特殊现象的词或代词代替上文内容. First of all,原因一. In the past,比较法说明过去的情况. But now 说明现在的情况. Moreover,原因二. Therefore,总结上文.
As I see it,作者自己的观点. For one thing,论点一. For another,论点二.
图表作文补充句型
• As is shown in the graph…如图所示…
•The graph shows that…图表显示…
•As can be seen from the table,…从表格中可以看出…
•From the chart, we know that…从这张表中,我们可知…
• All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即…• The increase of …. In the city has reached to 20%.….在这个城市的增长已达到20%.• In 1985, the number remained the same.1985年,这个数字保持不变.
• There was a gradual decline in 1989.1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.
四级图表作文技巧 图表作文就是升级版的看图说话，在大学英语四级考试中，看图作文出现的概率相对来说要小一些，所以考生平时练习得也少一些，考试时就不容易把握住写作技巧，针对这个问题在此为大家总结了图表作文写作的一些技巧，希望对大家有帮助。
图表作文不像其他作文一样题干会给出提纲，我们需要看图来寻找信息确定文章写作思路，这无形中又增加了难度，尽管图表作文与一般作文有很大不同，但是基本的写作思路还是可以归结为以下三个步骤。
简要描绘图画直观内容
写好图表作文的第一步就是要把自己眼睛直观看到的图画内容简单的描述出来，这点在题干中也有强调。如果考生英语水平一般，无法组织好自己的语言，在对图画内容进行描述时，可以饮用图画中人物的对话。此外，这一段的描述简要描述即可，不用发散和深挖。这样一来，如果考生没看懂图画内容也可以照抄题干。
阐明观点并深层探讨
图画作文的观点一般在题干中都会清楚地给出来，考生在写作中除了需要看懂图画中的对话还要仔细审清题干，在写作过程中，考生阐明观点之后的思路与一般的六级英语作文提纲型写作一致，针对作文的观点可以先举例说明现象、然后再探讨导致现象的原因以及该现象可能导致的后果等;还可结合数字、研究、名言等材料对这个观点进行论证和深层探讨。总之，这一段就是要考生来发散和深挖内容。
总结陈述观点并给出合理建议
跟一般的提纲作文一样，图画作文的最后也要对全文进行观点总结，考生还要根据不同的图画内容和主题给出相应的建议或者评价，这一点有点类似解决问题型的作文结尾。对于第三部分的写作，考生一般都很熟悉，无论哪种作文，除了书信体以外，作文结尾一段都会要求考生给出自己的观点或意见，图画类的也一样。
英语四六级考试改革说明现在考试也开始注重创新和改变，所以作文类型也会灵活多变，不会仅仅拘泥于传统的提纲写作，考生在复习时要时刻保持对创新的热情，做到无论考试有什么变化，自己都能有所准备。
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